Chapter 21, Problem 33E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A skeleton diagram of $\text{1-chloro-2-iodocyclopentane}$ is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The skeletal structure of the compound is the shortcut representation of the compound. It gives information about the bonding between the groups along with the geometry of the molecule. The skeletal structure is also known as a line-angle structure.

The skeletal structure shows only basic atoms which form the compound along with the functional group only. The hydrogen atoms are usually not shown in the skeletal structure however the hydrogen atom attached to the heteroatom is shown. The bond between heteroatom and hydrogen atom is not shown. The vertices of two lines or line end represent a carbon atom and the tetravalency of the carbon atom is assumed to be fulfilled by the hydrogen atoms.

In the IUPAC name of an organic compound, the number before the substituent represents the position of the substituent. The functional group may be represented as a suffix or as a prefix. Halogens are represented by ‘halo’ prefix. For example: if fluorine is substituted in the hydrocarbon chain, ‘fluoro’ prefix is used. The suffix for an alkane is ‘ane. If more than two substituents are present in the compound, then they are named in the order of alphabetical order.

The number of carbon atoms in the parent hydrocarbon chain is represented by the root name. For example: ‘prop’ represent three carbon atoms in the main hydrocarbon chain. In the case of a cyclic compound, ‘cyclo’ is used before the root name.

When alkyl group and halogen are present as substituents, the carbon atoms are numbered from halogens.