Chapter 20.1, Problem 3RQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The difference between a saturated and an unsaturated carbon is to be explained.

Concept Introduction: The carbon compound with all single bonds is a saturated carbon compound and the carbon compound with double or triple bonds is an unsaturated carbon compound.

Answer to Problem 3RQ

Saturated carbon compounds favour substitution reactions over addition reactions. They have only single bonds between two carbon atoms and all the carbon atoms have less acidic hydrogen atoms.

On the other hand, unsaturated carbon compounds favour addition reactions over substitution reactions. They have double or triple bonds present between two carbons and their hydrogen bonded to unsaturated atoms are more acidic.

Explanation of Solution

In saturated compounds all the bonds are already single so there is no possibility of addition reactions. Also, the unsaturated carbon compounds have more s-orbital character due to presence of double or triple bonds so the hydrogen atoms attached to them are more acidic and more susceptible to reactions.