
Concept explainers
Interpretation: The structure of 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal needs to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
The IUPAC rules are purposed to names different alkanes and alkyl halides.

Answer to Problem 66A
Explanation of Solution
According to IUPAC rule:
- Root word will be determined on the basis of number of C atoms in the longest chain.
- The primary suffix must be determined on the basis of covalent bonds between carbon atoms of the parent chain. They can be −ane, -ene and −yne.
- The secondary suffix indicates the presence of
functional group in the molecule. - The prefix in the IUPAC name indicates the presence of side chain or certain groups like halogens.
In 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal, the root word is hex thus there must be 6 C atoms in the parent chain with −CHO as main functional group ( secondary suffix is −al) and 5 −OH groups are bonded from C-2 to C-6 therefore the structure must be:
The systematic name is written as follows:
Systematic name = Prefix + Root word + primary suffix + secondary suffix
Chapter 20 Solutions
World of Chemistry
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