The observation that the S N 2 reaction of (dibromomethyl) benzene with NaOH yields benzaldehyde rather than (dihydroxymethyl) benzene is to be explained. Concept introduction: Gem dihalides when treated with bases undergo S N 2 reaction to yield gem diols . Gems diols being unstable, as they have two –OH groups on the same carbon, eliminate a molecule of water to yield a carbonyl compound as the product. To explain: The observation that the S N 2 reaction of (dibromomethyl) benzene with NaOH yields benzaldehyde rather than (dihydroxymethyl) benzene.

Question

Using the conditions of spontaneity to deduce the signs of AH and AS Use the observations about each chemical reaction in the table below to decide the sign (positive or negative) of the reaction enthalpy AH and reaction entropy AS. Note: if you have not been given enough information to decide a sign, select the "unknown" option. reaction observations conclusions A This reaction is always spontaneous, but proceeds slower at temperatures above 120. °C. ΔΗ is (pick one) AS is (pick one) ΔΗ is (pick one) B This reaction is spontaneous except above 117. °C. AS is (pick one) ΔΗ is (pick one) This reaction is slower below 20. °C than C above. AS is |(pick one) ? 18 Ar 1

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Chapter 19.SE, Problem 73AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The observation that the S_N² reaction of (dibromomethyl) benzene with NaOH yields benzaldehyde rather than (dihydroxymethyl) benzene is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Gem dihalides when treated with bases undergo S_N² reaction to yield gem diols. Gems diols being unstable, as they have two –OH groups on the same carbon, eliminate a molecule of water to yield a carbonyl compound as the product.

To explain:

The observation that the S_N² reaction of (dibromomethyl) benzene with NaOH yields benzaldehyde rather than (dihydroxymethyl) benzene.

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