Chapter 19, Problem 19.35SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given set of elements $\text{N,}\text{Si,}\text{Al,}\text{S,}\text{F}$ the element which has largest ionization energy has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Ionization Energy means the amount of energy required by an isolated gaseous atom to lose an electron in its ground state.

In column the ionization energy is always decreases, as the atomic number and the size of the atom gets larger.

In period the ionization energy is always increases due to the nuclear charge increases.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given set of elements $\text{N,}\text{Si,}\text{Al,}\text{S,}\text{F}$ the element which has most metallic character has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

In column the metallic character is always increases, as the atomic number and the size of the atom gets larger.

In period the metallic character is always decreases.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given set of elements $\text{N,}\text{Si,}\text{Al,}\text{S,}\text{F}$ the element which has form the strong $\text{π}$ bond has to be identified.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given set of elements $\text{N,}\text{Si,}\text{Al,}\text{S,}\text{F}$ the element which is a semiconductor has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A semiconductor gives partial conductivity of electricity.

The silicon used for making solid-state semiconductor devices such as transistors, computer chips, and solar cells must be ultrapure

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given set of elements $\text{N,}\text{Si,}\text{Al,}\text{S,}\text{F}$ the elements, the one which forms a $\text{2- anion}$ has to be identified.