Chapter 19, Problem 19.116CHP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced equation for the reaction of ${\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}$ with water has to be written.  Whether the above acid is a Bronsted-lowry acid or a Lewis acid has to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Lewis Acid:

Lewis acid is a substance that can accept a pair of electrons

Example: $\text{BF}{\text{3}}_{}$

Lewis acid-base reaction:

According Lewis theory, in a reaction between a base and acid, if a base donates a pair of electrons and when an acid accepts a pair of electron, the reaction is termed as “Lewis acid-base reaction”

The Bronsted-Lowry Theory of Acids and Bases

• A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton (hydrogen ion) donor.
• A Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton (hydrogen ion) acceptor.

Balanced Chemical equation:

A balanced chemical equation is an equation which contains same elements in same number on both the sides (reactant and product side) of the chemical equation thereby obeying the law of conservation of mass.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced equation for the reaction of ${\text{B(OH)}}_{\text{3}}$ with water has to be written.  Whether the above acid is a Bronsted-lowry acid or a Lewis acid has to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Lewis Acid:

Lewis acid is a substance that can accept a pair of electrons

Example: $\text{BF}{\text{3}}_{}$

Lewis acid-base reaction:

According Lewis theory, in a reaction between a base and acid, if a base donates a pair of electrons and when an acid accepts a pair of electron, the reaction is termed as “Lewis acid-base reaction”

The Bronsted-Lowry Theory of Acids and Bases

• A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton (hydrogen ion) donor.
• A Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton (hydrogen ion) acceptor.

Balanced Chemical equation:

A balanced chemical equation is an equation which contains same elements in same number on both the sides (reactant and product side) of the chemical equation thereby obeying the law of conservation of mass.