Chapter 17.8, Problem 3QQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Quaternary ammonium salt is produced by reaction of which set of reactants has to be chosen from the given options.

Concept Introduction:

Alkylation reaction is a reaction in which the transfer of alkyl group from one molecule to another molecule takes place.  While considering amines, the alkylating agent that is used is alkyl halides.  Alkylation is done under basic conditions.  The general equations for amines alkylation process is,

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{Ammonia}\text{+}\text{Alkyl}\text{halide}\stackrel{\text{Base}}{\to }\text{1°}\text{amine}\\ \text{1°}\text{amine}\text{+}\text{Alkyl}\text{halide}\stackrel{\text{Base}}{\to }\text{2°}\text{amine}\\ \text{2°}\text{amine}\text{+}\text{Alkyl}\text{halide}\stackrel{\text{Base}}{\to }\text{3°}\text{amine}\\ \text{3°}\text{amine}\text{+}\text{Alkyl}\text{halide}\stackrel{\text{Base}}{\to }\text{quaternary ammonium salt}\end{array}$