
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
In the given acid‑base equilibria, the structure of missing substance has to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Substituted ammonium ion is the one in which one or more alkyl, aryl, or cycloalkyl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atoms. There are two important generalizations that is applied to the substituted ammonium ion and they are,
- Substituted ammonium ions are not neutral molecules. They are charged species.
- Nitrogen atom has four bonds in ammonium ion or substituted ammonium ion. The species is positively charged as the fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond.
(b)
Interpretation:
In the given acid‑base equilibria, the structure of missing substance has to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Amines are a class of organic compounds. They are derivatives of ammonia. Similar to the nitrogen atom in ammonia, the amine nitrogen also has a lone pair of electrons on it. This means that amines can act as proton acceptors. When an amine is added to water a proton is transferred to the nitrogen atom. The resulting solution is a basic solution. This contains ammonium ions and hydroxide ions.
Substituted ammonium ion is the one in which one or more alkyl, aryl, or cycloalkyl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atoms. There are two important generalizations that is applied to the substituted ammonium ion and they are,
- Substituted ammonium ions are not neutral molecules. They are charged species.
- Nitrogen atom has four bonds in ammonium ion or substituted ammonium ion. The species is positively charged as the fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond.
(c)
Interpretation:
In the given acid‑base equilibria, the structure of missing substance has to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Amines are a class of organic compounds. They are derivatives of ammonia. Similar to the nitrogen atom in ammonia, the amine nitrogen also has a lone pair of electrons on it. This means that amines can act as proton acceptors. When an amine is added to water a proton is transferred to the nitrogen atom. The resulting solution is a basic solution. This contains ammonium ions and hydroxide ions.
Substituted ammonium ion is the one in which one or more alkyl, aryl, or cycloalkyl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atoms. There are two important generalizations that is applied to the substituted ammonium ion and they are,
- Substituted ammonium ions are not neutral molecules. They are charged species.
- Nitrogen atom has four bonds in ammonium ion or substituted ammonium ion. The species is positively charged as the fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond.
(d)
Interpretation:
In the given acid‑base equilibria, the structure of missing substance has to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Amines are a class of organic compounds. They are derivatives of ammonia. Similar to the nitrogen atom in ammonia, the amine nitrogen also has a lone pair of electrons on it. This means that amines can act as proton acceptors. When an amine is added to water a proton is transferred to the nitrogen atom. The resulting solution is a basic solution. This contains ammonium ions and hydroxide ions.
Substituted ammonium ion is the one in which one or more alkyl, aryl, or cycloalkyl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atoms. There are two important generalizations that is applied to the substituted ammonium ion and they are,
- Substituted ammonium ions are not neutral molecules. They are charged species.
- Nitrogen atom has four bonds in ammonium ion or substituted ammonium ion. The species is positively charged as the fourth bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond.

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Chapter 17 Solutions
Study Guide with Selected Solutions for Stoker's General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 7th
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- Do not apply the calculations, based on the approximation of the stationary state, to make them perform correctly. Basta discard the 3 responses that you encounter that are obviously erroneous if you apply the formula to determine the speed of a reaction. For the decomposition reaction of N2O5(g): 2 N2O5(g) · 4 NO2(g) + O2(g), the following mechanism has been proposed: N2O5 -> NO2 + NO3_(K1) NO2 + NO3 →> N2O5 (k-1) → NO2 + NO3 → NO2 + O2 + NO (K2) NO + N2O5 → NO2 + NO2 + NO2 (K3) Give the expression for the acceptable rate. (A). d[N₂O] dt = -1 2k,k₂[N205] k₁+k₂ d[N₂O5] (B). dt =-k₁[N₂O₂] + k₁[NO2][NO3] - k₂[NO2]³ (C). d[N₂O] dt =-k₁[N₂O] + k₁[N205] - K3 [NO] [N205] (D). d[N2O5] =-k₁[NO] - K3[NO] [N₂05] dtarrow_forwardA 0.10 M solution of acetic acid (CH3COOH, Ka = 1.8 x 10^-5) is titrated with a 0.0250 M solution of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2). If 10.0 mL of the acid solution is titrated with 20.0 mL of the base solution, what is the pH of the resulting solution?arrow_forwardFor the decomposition reaction of N2O5(g): 2 N2O5(g) → 4 NO2(g) + O2(g), the following mechanism has been proposed: N2O5 NO2 + NO3 (K1) | NO2 + NO3 → N2O5 (k-1) | NO2 + NO3 NO2 + O2 + NO (k2) | NO + N2O51 NO2 + NO2 + NO2 (K3) → Give the expression for the acceptable rate. → → (A). d[N205] dt == 2k,k₂[N₂O₂] k₁+k₁₂ (B). d[N2O5] =-k₁[N₂O] + k₁[NO₂] [NO3] - k₂[NO₂]³ dt (C). d[N2O5] =-k₁[N₂O] + k [NO] - k₂[NO] [NO] d[N2O5] (D). = dt = -k₁[N2O5] - k¸[NO][N₂05] dt Do not apply the calculations, based on the approximation of the stationary state, to make them perform correctly. Basta discard the 3 responses that you encounter that are obviously erroneous if you apply the formula to determine the speed of a reaction.arrow_forward
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