Chapter 13, Problem 13.92SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of addition of $\text{HCl}$ in given reaction results in change in concentration of ${\text{CoCl}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{2-}}$ has to beexplained.

Concept introduction:

Le Chatelier's principle states that if a system in equilibrium gets disturbed due to modification of concentration, temperature, volume, and pressure, then it reset to counteract the effect of disturbance.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of addition of ${\text{Co(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}$ in given reaction results in change in concentration of ${\text{CoCl}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{2-}}$ has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Le Chatelier's principle states that if a system in equilibrium gets disturbed due to modification of concentration, temperature, volume, and pressure, then it reset to counteract the effect of disturbance.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of addition of water in given reaction results in change in concentration of ${\text{CoCl}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{2-}}$ has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Le Chatelier's principle states that if a system in equilibrium gets disturbed due to modification of concentration, temperature, volume, and pressure, then it reset to counteract the effect of disturbance.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of increase in temperature of given reaction results in change in concentration of ${\text{CoCl}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{2-}}$ has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Le Chatelier's principle states that if a system in equilibrium gets disturbed due to modification of concentration, temperature, volume, and pressure, then it reset to counteract the effect of disturbance.

Effect of change in temperature:

Endothermic reaction: In this reaction increase in temperature which is absorbed in reactant side, the reaction occurs in a way to relieve the stress in reactant side. The reaction occurs along the direction of product side and increases equilibrium constant.

Exothermic reaction: In this reaction increase in temperature which is released in product side, the reaction occurs in a way to relieve the stress in product side. The reaction occurs along the direction of reactant side and decreases equilibrium constant.