By using equilibrium constant at different temperatures, the given reaction is endothermic or exothermic has to be predicted. Concept introduction: Le Chatelier's principle states that if a system in equilibrium gets disturbed due to modification of concentration, temperature, volume, and pressure, then it reset to counteract the effect of disturbance. Effect of change in temperature: Endothermic reaction: In this reaction increase in temperature which is absorbed in reactant side, the reaction occurs in a way to relieve the stress in reactant side. The reaction occurs along the direction of product side and increases equilibrium constant. Exothermic reaction: In this reaction increase in temperature which is released in product side, the reaction occurs in a way to relieve the stress in product side. The reaction occurs along the direction of reactant side and decreases equilibrium constant.

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Chapter 13, Problem 13.101CHP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

By using equilibrium constant at different temperatures, the given reaction is endothermic or exothermic has to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Le Chatelier's principle states that if a system in equilibrium gets disturbed due to modification of concentration, temperature, volume, and pressure, then it reset to counteract the effect of disturbance.

Effect of change in temperature:

Endothermic reaction: In this reaction increase in temperature which is absorbed in reactant side, the reaction occurs in a way to relieve the stress in reactant side. The reaction occurs along the direction of product side and increases equilibrium constant.

Exothermic reaction: In this reaction increase in temperature which is released in product side, the reaction occurs in a way to relieve the stress in product side. The reaction occurs along the direction of reactant side and decreases equilibrium constant.

(b)

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of increase in volume on the equilibrium amounts of reactants and products in the given reaction has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Le Chatelier's principle states that if a system in equilibrium gets disturbed due to modification of concentration, temperature, volume, and pressure, then it reset to counteract the effect of disturbance.

Effect of change in pressure:

According to Le Chatelier's principle, increase in pressure leads to flow of reaction in direction where number of moles is less.

According to Le Chatelier's principle, decrease in pressure leads to flow of reaction in direction where number of moles is more.

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