General Chemistry: Atoms First
General Chemistry: Atoms First
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321809261
Author: John E. McMurry, Robert C. Fay
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 13, Problem 13.130MP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equilibrium constant Kp ofgiven reaction, if the gas density at 1000K is 16.3 g/L has to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Equilibrium constant(Kp):

In gas phase reactions, partial pressure is used to write equilibrium equation than molar concentration. Equilibrium constant (Kp) is defined as ratio of partial pressure of products to partial pressure of reactants. Each partial pressure term is raised to a power, which is same as the coefficients in the chemical reaction

Consider the reaction where A reacts to give B.

aAbB

Rate of forward reaction = Rate of reverse reactionkfPAa=krPBa

On rearranging,

PBbPAa=kfkr=Kp

Where,

kf is the rate constant of the forward reaction.

kr is the rate constant of the reverse reaction.

Kp is the equilibrium constant.

The pressure of each species of ideal gas and its molar concentration are directly proportional to each other.

PAV = nARTPA = nAVRT=[A]RT

In same way PB =[B]RT. Thus, equilibrium constant Kp is given as

Kp=[B]b[A]a×(RT)b-aKp = Kc(RT)Δn

Where,

R is gas constant

T is absolute temperature

Δn is difference in moles of products to reactants in gas phase.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equilibrium constant Kp of given reaction, if the gas density at 1100K is 16.9 g/L has to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Equilibrium constant(Kp):

In gas phase reactions, partial pressure is used to write equilibrium equation than molar concentration. Equilibrium constant (Kp) is defined as ratio of partial pressure of products to partial pressure of reactants. Each partial pressure term is raised to a power, which is same as the coefficients in the chemical reaction

Consider the reaction where A reacts to give B.

aAbB

Rate of forward reaction = Rate of reverse reactionkfPAa=krPBa

On rearranging,

PBbPAa=kfkr=Kp

Where,

kf is the rate constant of the forward reaction.

kr is the rate constant of the reverse reaction.

Kp is the equilibrium constant.

The pressure of each species of ideal gas and its molar concentration are directly proportional to each other.

PAV = nARTPA = nAVRT=[A]RT

In same way PB =[B]RT. Thus, equilibrium constant Kp is given as

Kp=[B]b[A]a×(RT)b-aKp = Kc(RT)Δn

Where,

R is gas constant

T is absolute temperature

Δn is difference in moles of products to reactants in gas phase.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction is endothermic or exothermic reaction has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Le Chatelier's principle states that if a system in equilibrium gets disturbed due to modification of concentration, temperature, volume, and pressure, then it reset to counteract the effect of disturbance.

Effect of change in temperature:

Endothermic reaction: In this reaction increase in temperature which is absorbed in reactant side, the reaction occurs in a way to relieve the stress in reactant side. The reaction occurs along the direction of product side and increases equilibrium constant.

Exothermic reaction: In this reaction increase in temperature which is released in product side, the reaction occurs in a way to relieve the stress in product side. The reaction occurs along the direction of reactant side and decreases equilibrium constant.

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Chapter 13 Solutions

General Chemistry: Atoms First

Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 13.11CPCh. 13.6 - Prob. 13.12PCh. 13.6 - Prob. 13.13PCh. 13.6 - Prob. 13.14PCh. 13.6 - Prob. 13.15PCh. 13.6 - Prob. 13.16PCh. 13.8 - Prob. 13.17PCh. 13.9 - Prob. 13.18PCh. 13.9 - Prob. 13.19CPCh. 13.10 - Prob. 13.20PCh. 13.10 - Prob. 13.21PCh. 13.10 - Prob. 13.22CPCh. 13.11 - Prob. 13.23PCh. 13.11 - Prob. 13.24PCh. 13.11 - Prob. 13.25PCh. 13 - Consider the interconversion of A molecules (red...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.27CPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.28CPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.29CPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.30CPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.31CPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.32CPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.33CPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.34CPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.35CPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.36CPCh. 13 - The following pictures represent the initial and...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.38SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.39SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.40SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.41SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.42SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.43SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.44SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.45SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.46SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.47SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.48SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.49SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.50SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.51SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.52SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.53SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.54SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.55SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.56SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.57SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.58SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.59SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.60SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.61SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.62SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.63SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.64SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.65SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.66SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.67SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.68SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.69SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.70SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.71SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.72SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.73SPCh. 13 - Gaseous indium dihydride is formed from the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.75SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.76SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.77SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.78SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.79SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.80SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.81SPCh. 13 - The value of Kc for the reaction of acetic acid...Ch. 13 - In a basic aqueous solution, chloromethane...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.84SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.85SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.86SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.87SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.88SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.89SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.90SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.91SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.92SPCh. 13 - Consider the endothermic reaction Fe3+ (aq) + Cl...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.94SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.95SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.96SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.97SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.98CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.99CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.100CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.101CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.102CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.103CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.104CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.105CHPCh. 13 - Refining petroleum involves cracking large...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.107CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.108CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.109CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.110CHPCh. 13 - At 1000 K, Kp = 2.1 106 and H = 107.7 kJ for the...Ch. 13 - Consider the gas-phase decomposition of NOBr: 2...Ch. 13 - At 100C, Kc = 4.72 for the reaction 2 NO2(g) ...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.114CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.115CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.116CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.117CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.118CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.119CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.120CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.121CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.122CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.123CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.124CHPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.125MPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.126MPCh. 13 - The equilibrium constant Kc for the gas-phase...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.128MPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.129MPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.130MPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.131MPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.132MPCh. 13 - Consider the sublimation of mothballs at 27C in a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.134MPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.135MPCh. 13 - For the decomposition reaction PCl5(g) PCl3(g) +...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.137MP
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