Chapter 11, Problem 37P

Convert each shorthand structure to a complete structure with all atoms and lone pairs drawn in.

a. ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\text{CH}{\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_{\text{6}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$

b. ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{3}}\text{COH}$

c. $C{H}_{\text{3}}C{O}_{\text{2}}{\left(C{H}_{\text{2}}\right)}_{\text{3}}C{H}_{\text{3}}$

d.

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To convert the following shorthand structure to complete structure with all atoms and lone pairs drawn.

  ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_2\text{CH}{\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_6{\text{CH}}_3$

Concept Introduction:

Complete structure of a compound is the one in which all the bonds, atoms and lone pairs are shown. Example of complete structure is given below.

  

In shorthand structure, bond between the atoms and lone pairs of atoms are not shown. But, in complete structure, all the bonds between atoms and lone pairs are shown.

Answer to Problem 37P

Complete structure of the compound is,

  

Explanation of Solution

Given compound is as follows:

  ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_2\text{CH}{\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_6{\text{CH}}_3$

To −CH group two methyl $\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)$ groups attached and in right of −CH group six ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ groups attached and then a methyl $\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)$ group present. As carbon can form four bonds. All the electrons are used in formation of bond. Hence, on carbon atoms no lone pair presents. So, complete structure of the compound is,

  

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To convert the following shorthand structure to complete structure with all atoms and lone pairs drawn.

  ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_3\text{COH}$

Concept Introduction:

Complete structure of a compound is the one in which all the bonds, atoms and lone pairs are shown. Example of complete structure is given below.

  

In shorthand structure, bond between the atoms and lone pairs of atoms are not shown. But, in complete structure, all the bonds between atoms and lone pairs are shown.

Answer to Problem 37P

Complete structure of the compound is as follows:

  

Explanation of Solution

In the compound ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_3\text{COH}$ , to one carbon atom three methyl $\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)$ groups and one alcohol (-OH) group attached. Moreover, oxygen atom has two lone pair on it (as the total numbers of valence electron of O is 6 and out of these 2 are involved in bond formation).

Hence, complete structure of the compound is as follows:

  

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

To convert the following shorthand structure to complete structure with all atoms and lone pairs drawn.

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}{\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_3{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$

Concept Introduction:

Complete structure of a compound is the one in which all the bonds, atoms and lone pairs are shown. Example of complete structure is given below.

  

In shorthand structure, bond between the atoms and lone pairs of atoms are not shown. But, in complete structure, all the bonds between atoms and lone pairs are shown.

Answer to Problem 37P

Complete structure of the compound is as follows:

  

Explanation of Solution

Given compound is as follows:

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}{\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_3{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$

In the complete structure, all the bonds between atoms and lone pairs are to be shown. Two oxygen atoms present. Both the oxygen atoms have two lone pairs (as the total number of valence electron of O is 6 and out of these 2 are involved in bond formation) on it. Hence, complete structure of the compound is as follows:

  

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

To convert the following shorthand structure to complete structure with all atoms and lone pairs drawn.

  

Concept Introduction:

Complete structure of a compound is the one in which all the bonds, atoms and lone pairs are shown. Example of complete structure is given below.

  

In shorthand structure, bond between the atoms and lone pairs of atoms are not shown. But, in complete structure, all the bonds between atoms and lone pairs are shown.

Answer to Problem 37P

Complete structure is as follows:

  

Explanation of Solution

Given compound is as follows:

  

In complete structure, all the carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and all the lone pairs should be shown. In the compound two chlorine atoms (as the total number of valence electron of Cl is 7 and out of these 1 is involved in bond formation), one oxygen atom and one −OH group(as the total number of valence electron of O is 6 and out of these 2 are involved in bond formation) present which has lone pairs. So, complete structure is as follows: