Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Lewis structures have to be drawn for the
Concept introduction:
Lewis structure: The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell. Sometimes the
Carbonyl group:
A carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom
(b)
Interpretation:
Lewis structures have to be drawn for the functional group and valence electrons have to be shown.
Concept introduction:
Lewis structure: The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell. Sometimes the chemical bonding of a molecule cannot be represented using a single Lewis structure. In these cases, the chemical bonding are described by delocalization of electrons and is known as resonance. All the possible resonance structures are imaginary whereas the resonance hybrid is real. These structures will differ only in the arrangement of the electrons not in the relative position of the atomic nuclei.
A carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom
If the carbonyl carbon is attached with hydroxyl group is called as carboxylic acid.
(c)
Interpretation:
Lewis structures have to be drawn for the functional group and valence electrons have to be shown.
Concept introduction:
Lewis structure: The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell. Sometimes the chemical bonding of a molecule cannot be represented using a single Lewis structure. In these cases, the chemical bonding are described by delocalization of electrons and is known as resonance. All the possible resonance structures are imaginary whereas the resonance hybrid is real. These structures will differ only in the arrangement of the electrons not in the relative position of the atomic nuclei.
Hydroxyl group:
Alcohol:
The compound contains hydroxyl
Example is given below
(d)
Interpretation:
Lewis structures have to be drawn for the functional group and valence electrons have to be shown.
Concept introduction:
Lewis structure: The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell. Sometimes the chemical bonding of a molecule cannot be represented using a single Lewis structure. In these cases, the chemical bonding are described by delocalization of electrons and is known as resonance. All the possible resonance structures are imaginary whereas the resonance hybrid is real. These structures will differ only in the arrangement of the electrons not in the relative position of the atomic nuclei.
Ester group:
A carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom
(e)
Interpretation:
Lewis structures have to be drawn for the functional group and valence electrons have to be shown.
Concept introduction:
Lewis structure: The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell. Sometimes the chemical bonding of a molecule cannot be represented using a single Lewis structure. In these cases, the chemical bonding are described by delocalization of electrons and is known as resonance. All the possible resonance structures are imaginary whereas the resonance hybrid is real. These structures will differ only in the arrangement of the electrons not in the relative position of the atomic nuclei.
Amide:
A carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom
If the carbonyl carbon is attached with nitrogen is called as amide.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Draw Lewis structure for an isomer of C3H6O2 that is a carboxylic acid, and draw another Lewis structure for an isomer of C3H6O2 that is an ester.arrow_forwardIdentify which of the following statement(s) is/are true. (a) A functional group is a group of atoms in an organic molecule that undergoes a predictable set of chemical reactions. (b) The functional group of an alcohol, an aldehyde, and a ketone have in common the fact that each contains a single oxygen atom. (c) A primary alcohol has one -OH group, a secondary alcohol has two -OH groups, and a tertiary alcohol has three -OH groups. (d) There are two alcohols with the molecular formula C3H8O. (e) There are three amines with the molecular formula C3H9N.arrow_forwardSelect the functional groups that are PRESENTS in the compund. Choose between these options below. -Ketone, Aromatic, Amine, Carboxylic Acid, Amide, Aldehyde, Ether, Ester.arrow_forward
- We see that 1-propanol and 2-propanol have the same molecular formula, C3H7OH, but different molecular structures. What is the name for molecules that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas (different shapes)? Use the specific term.arrow_forwardAmines and amides both contain nitrogen. What are the differences in the structures of amines and amides in terms of the functional groups?arrow_forwardPlease draw a molecule that has the six functional groups Aldehyde, Ester, Ketone, Acid Chloride, Tertirary Amide, and Alcohol. Please label each functional grouparrow_forward
- TRUE OR FALSE (a) There are three amines with the molecular formula C3H9N. (b) Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters all contain a carbonyl group. (c) A compound with the molecular formula of C3H6O may be either an aldehyde, a ketone, or a carboxylic acid. (d) Bond angles about the carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde, a ketone, a carboxylic acid, and an ester are all approximately 109.5°. (e) The molecular formula of the smallest aldehyde is C3H6O, and that of the smallest ketone is also C3H6O. (f) The molecular formula of the smallest carboxylic acid is C2H4O2.arrow_forwardDraw Lewis structures for these functional groups. Show all valence electrons also. Q.) Amide grouparrow_forwardFor the following, you must draw an appropriate structure that has the chemical formula C5H9NO with the indicated functional group(s) and/or property. In each case, identify any other functional groups in the molecule you draw, that were not indicated in the question. You may use condensed dash or bond-line structure to draw your molecules. c) An acyclic amide that cannot form hydrogen bonds with itselfarrow_forward
- Match the circled groups to one of the following possible functional groups: ketone, aldehyde, amide, amine, carboxylic acid, ester, ether.arrow_forwardWrite two complete, balanced equations for each of the following reactions, one using condensed formulas and one using Lewis structures.(a) 2-butene reacts with chlorine.(b) benzene burns in air.arrow_forwardTRUE OR FALSE (a) A functional group is a group of atoms in an organic molecule that undergoes a predictable set of chemical reactions. (b) The functional group of an alcohol, an aldehyde, and a ketone have in common the fact that each contains a single oxygen atom. (c) A primary alcohol has one —OH group, a secondary alcohol has two —OH groups, and a tertiary alcohol has three —OH groups. (d) There are two alcohols with the molecular formula C3H8O. (e) There are three amines with the molecular formula C3H9N. (f) Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters all contain a carbonyl group. (g) A compound with the molecular formula of C3H6O may be either an aldehyde, a ketone, or a carboxylic acid. (h) Bond angles about the carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde, a ketone, a carboxylic acid, and an ester are all approximately 109.5°. (i) The molecular formula of the smallest aldehyde is C3H6O, and that of the smallest ketone is also C3H6O. (j) The molecular formula of the smallest carboxylic…arrow_forward
- Living By Chemistry: First Edition TextbookChemistryISBN:9781559539418Author:Angelica StacyPublisher:MAC HIGHER