Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305580350
Author: William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.53P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

  1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is 109.5o.
  2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is 120o.
  3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is 180o.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

  1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is 109.5o.
  2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is 120o.
  3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is 180o.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

  1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is 109.5o.
  2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is 120o.
  3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is 180o.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

  1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is 109.5o.
  2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is 120o.
  3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is 180o.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

  1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is 109.5o.
  2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is 120o.
  3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is 180o.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Bond angle of each atom of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen has to be identified using VSEPR theory.

Concept introduction:

Resonance: The delocalization of electrons which is characterized as several structural changes.

Bond angles can be known by using valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). According to VSPER theory the bond angle is depends on the valence electron of an atom. Valence electrons may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds or they may be unshared (lone pair) electrons.

According to VSPER theory,

  1. (1) Regions of electron density around the central atom is four, the geometry of the molecule may be tetrahedral and the bond angle is 109.5o.
  2. (2) Regions of electron density around the central atom is three, the geometry of the molecule may be trigonal planar and the bond angle is 120o.
  3. (3) Regions of electron density around the central atom is two, the geometry of the molecule may be linear and the bond angle is 180o.

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Chapter 1 Solutions

Organic Chemistry

Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 1.11PCh. 1.3 - Prob. 1.12PCh. 1.4 - Predict all bond angles for these molecules. (a)...Ch. 1.5 - The geometry of carbon in diamond is tetrahedral,...Ch. 1.5 - Because of their spherical shape, C60 molecules...Ch. 1.5 - What best describes the CCC bond angles in C60? 1....Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 1.14PCh. 1.7 - Describe the bonding in these molecules in terms...Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 1.16PCh. 1.8 - Prob. 1.17PCh. 1.8 - Prob. 1.18PCh. 1.9 - Draw three contributing structures of the...Ch. 1.9 - What is the hybridization state of the circled...Ch. 1.9 - The molecule shown on the right in the example in...Ch. 1.9 - Prob. CQCh. 1.9 - The following structure is called imidazolium....Ch. 1 - Write the ground-state electron configuration for...Ch. 1 - Identify the atom that has each ground-state...Ch. 1 - Define valence shell and valence electron.Ch. 1 - How many electrons are in the valence shell of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.24PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.25PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.26PCh. 1 - Write Lewis structures for these compounds. Show...Ch. 1 - Write Lewis structures for these ions. Show all...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.29PCh. 1 - Some of these structural formulas are incorrect...Ch. 1 - Following the rule that each atom of carbon,...Ch. 1 - Following are several Lewis structures showing all...Ch. 1 - Which statements are true about electronegativity?...Ch. 1 - Why does fluorine, the element in the upper right...Ch. 1 - Arrange the single covalent bonds within each set...Ch. 1 - Using the values of electronegativity given in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.37PCh. 1 - Use VSEPR to predict bond angles about each...Ch. 1 - Use VSEPR to predict bond angles about each atom...Ch. 1 - Use VSEPR to predict the geometry of these ions....Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.41PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.42PCh. 1 - What is the meaning of the term tertiary (3) when...Ch. 1 - What is the meaning of the term tertiary (3) when...Ch. 1 - Draw structural formulas for (a) The four primary...Ch. 1 - Draw structural formulas for the three tertiary...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.47PCh. 1 - Identify the functional groups in each compound.Ch. 1 - Draw a three-dimensional representation for each...Ch. 1 - Tetrafluoroethylene, C2F4, is the starting...Ch. 1 - Which statements are true about resonance...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.52PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.53PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.54PCh. 1 - Are the structures in each set valid contributing...Ch. 1 - State the orbital hybridization of each...Ch. 1 - Describe each highlighted bond in terms of the...Ch. 1 - Following is a structural formula of the...Ch. 1 - Draw a Lewis structure for methyl isocyanate,...Ch. 1 - What is the hybridization of the highlighted atoms...Ch. 1 - Using cartoon representations, draw a molecular...Ch. 1 - In what kind of orbitals do the lone-pair...Ch. 1 - Draw the delocalized molecular orbitals for the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.64APCh. 1 - Each compound contains both ions and covalent...Ch. 1 - Predict whether the carbon-metal bond in these...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.67APCh. 1 - Phosphorus is immediately under nitrogen in the...Ch. 1 - Draw a Lewis structure for the azide ion, N3. (The...Ch. 1 - Cyanic acid, HOCN, and isocyanic acid, HNCO,...Ch. 1 - In Chapter 6, we study a group of organic cations...Ch. 1 - Many reactions involve a change in hybridization...Ch. 1 - Following is a structural formula of benzene,...Ch. 1 - Following are three contributing structures for...Ch. 1 - (a) Draw a Lewis structure for the ozone molecule,...Ch. 1 - The following two compounds are isomers; that is,...Ch. 1 - In future chapters, we will encounter...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.78AP
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