The progressive loss of cardiac myocytes due to cell death has been associated withcardiac dysfunction and heart failure.Which of the following would lead to a significant loss of cardiac myocytes? Selectall that applyTreatment of rapamycin which results in inhibition of mTOR activityProlonged or severe ER stress with increased accumulation of unfolded proteinsActivation of AMPK and phosphorylation of the TSC1 complexmTOR activation and phosphorylation of Ulk1

Cardiac myocytes are muscle cells that make up the walls of the heart. These cells are responsible…

Answered: The progressive loss of cardiac…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Which of the following in the PKA pathwaycan NOT be mutated to inhibit or activate the GPCR signaling pathway? WHY? Adenylyl Cyclase cAMP GPCR G-alpha PKA
Which of the following best describes the use of 2-deoxyglucose in allowing for cancer therapy? Elevates p53 levels directly to regulate glycolytic flux Blocks activation of HIF1transcriptional activation Diminishes lactate production by inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase to allow increased levels of pyruvate to force the transport of pyruvate into the matrix and the function of the TCA cycle Diminishes lactate export from the cell to allow increased levels of pyruvate to force the transport of pyruvate into the matrix and the function of the TCA cycle Competes with glucose for hexokinase, allowing inhibition of glycolytic flux, reducing ATP production.
The figure below shows the characteristic pattern of Ca2+ influx in the red line (wild-type; WT), where TCR stimulation causes a sharp rise in cytoplasmic Ca2+, followed by a slow decline over hours. As shown below, cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentrations do not normally return to baseline for the time course of this experiment. A mutant mouse is identified with a defect in T cell activation in response to TCR stimulation. The calcium response of T cells from the mutant mouse is shown in the blue line. a) Given these data, name three T cell signaling proteins that could be defective in the mutant T cells. b) Name three T cell signaling proteins that could not be responsible for this defect, even if mutated.
The number of calories used during physical exercise is greater than the number of calories used for the movements themselves. This may be caused in part by exercise-induced expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in subcutaneous fat. Subcutaneous fat is mostly white fat cells but can also contain brown fat cells in mice and humans. As part of a thermogenesis program, UCP1 directly reduces the proton gradient driving oxidative phosphorylation. UCP1 expression is a characteristic of brown fat cells only and is induced by the protein irisin. The data in Table 1 address the relationship between exercise and: • expression of UCP1 in subcutaneous fat cells, • expression of FNDC5 (a transmembrane protein in skeletal muscle plasma membranes), • blood levels of irisin (a soluble protein formed by cleaving the extracellular domain of FNDC5), and • expression of adiponectin (a hormone produced by white fat cells) in both wild-type mice and mice with overexpression skeletal muscle PGC-1a (a…
In 1994, the U.S. Public Health Service identified “10 Essential Public Health Services.” For each of the ten, please briefly describe a specific activity that has been used in the response to COVID-19.
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Biologic agents can block cell migration to sites of inflammation and reduce immune responses. Natalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed at the a4-integrin protein, a subunit of VLA-4, the binding partner of VCAM-1 expressed on endothelium in the central nervous system, and of a4b-integrin, the binding partner of MadCAM-1 expressed on endothelium in the gut. While natalizumab has had great success in alleviating the symptoms of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and Crohn’s disease, a small number of patients have acquired life threatening infections of the neurotrophic virus, JC. Why are patients on natalizumab particularly susceptible to a virus infection of the central nervous system?
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