Chemotaxis is a process by which cells migrate toward higher concentrations of a signaling molecule. The signaling molecule binds cell-surface receptors that result in actin polymerization at the cell membrane. Actin polymerization results in the formulation of filamentous actin that exerts a force and leads to protrusion of the leading edge. A researcher tested Compound A on chemotaxing cells and measured the relative amount of filamentous actin found in the cells at different times. Use the EGF Pathway passage to answer the questions. Part A Which of these structures, if present in a prokaryote, would prevent the organism from using this type of actin polymerization to chemotax toward a signal? A. cell wall B. flagellum C. mitochondrion D. ribosome Part B In the model proposed, which of these events MOST likely occurs to facilitate chemotaxis? A. Integrins anchor the cell to extracellular components. B. Motor proteins move actin toward the leading edge. C. Mitochondria migrate away from the leading edge. D. Desmosomes anchor the cell to other cells. Part C Based on the researcher’s observations on filamentous actin, what other observation regarding cell chemotaxis was MOST likely observed? A. The cell moved toward the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A. B. The cell moved away from the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A. C. The cell first moved toward and then away from the signaling molecule after the addition of Compound A. D. The cell did not move toward or away from the signaling molecule after the addition of Compound A. Part D The researcher hypothesizes that Compound A passively diffuses through the cell membrane to bind actin subunits. Which of these observations, if true, would MOST support his hypothesis? A. Increasing extracellular sodium concentration interferes with Compound A function. B. Adding actin to the extracellular medium interferes with Compound A function. C. Reducing the temperature of the cell interferes with Compound A function. D. Blocking ATP hydrolysis interferes with actin function.

Chemotaxis is a process by which cells migrate toward higher concentrations of a signaling molecule. The signaling molecule binds cell-surface receptors that result in actin polymerization at the cell membrane. Actin polymerization results in the formulation of filamentous actin that exerts a force and leads to protrusion of the leading edge. A researcher tested Compound A on chemotaxing cells and measured the relative amount of filamentous actin found in the cells at different times. Use the EGF Pathway passage to answer the questions. Part A Which of these structures, if present in a prokaryote, would prevent the organism from using this type of actin polymerization to chemotax toward a signal? A. cell wall B. flagellum C. mitochondrion D. ribosome Part B In the model proposed, which of these events MOST likely occurs to facilitate chemotaxis? A. Integrins anchor the cell to extracellular components. B. Motor proteins move actin toward the leading edge. C. Mitochondria migrate away from the leading edge. D. Desmosomes anchor the cell to other cells. Part C Based on the researcher’s observations on filamentous actin, what other observation regarding cell chemotaxis was MOST likely observed? A. The cell moved toward the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A. B. The cell moved away from the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A. C. The cell first moved toward and then away from the signaling molecule after the addition of Compound A. D. The cell did not move toward or away from the signaling molecule after the addition of Compound A. Part D The researcher hypothesizes that Compound A passively diffuses through the cell membrane to bind actin subunits. Which of these observations, if true, would MOST support his hypothesis? A. Increasing extracellular sodium concentration interferes with Compound A function. B. Adding actin to the extracellular medium interferes with Compound A function. C. Reducing the temperature of the cell interferes with Compound A function. D. Blocking ATP hydrolysis interferes with actin function.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Concept explainers

Question

Use the EGF Pathway passage to answer the questions.

Part A

Which of these structures, if present in a prokaryote, would prevent the organism from using this type of actin polymerization to chemotax toward a signal?

A. cell wall

B. flagellum

C. mitochondrion

D. ribosome

Part B

In the model proposed, which of these events MOST likely occurs to facilitate chemotaxis?

A. Integrins anchor the cell to extracellular components.

B. Motor proteins move actin toward the leading edge.

C. Mitochondria migrate away from the leading edge.

D. Desmosomes anchor the cell to other cells.

Part C

Based on the researcher’s observations on filamentous actin, what other observation regarding cell chemotaxis was MOST likely observed?

A. The cell moved toward the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A.

B. The cell moved away from the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A.

C. The cell first moved toward and then away from the signaling molecule after the addition of Compound A.

D. The cell did not move toward or away from the signaling molecule after the addition of Compound A.

Part D

The researcher hypothesizes that Compound A passively diffuses through the cell membrane to bind actin subunits. Which of these observations, if true, would MOST support his hypothesis?

A. Increasing extracellular sodium concentration interferes with Compound A function.

B. Adding actin to the extracellular medium interferes with Compound A function.

C. Reducing the temperature of the cell interferes with Compound A function.

D. Blocking ATP hydrolysis interferes with actin function.

nucleus
-actin subunits
Actin polymerization exerts a
force that leads to protrusion
of the leading edge.

Key
3.5-
control
3-
compound A
2.5-
2-
1.5-
1
0.5-
0-
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
300
Time (Seconds)
Filamentous Actin

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