This graph shows the electrical charges of the cytosol at one spot along an axon or muscle cell. a) Even though the charges are the same at steps 3 and 6, explain the situation with the ions on either side of the membrane. I am not looking for a vocabulary term here, just a simple explanation in normal words. b) At step 6, this spot in the cell is not ready to conduct another action potential/impulse. What has to happen to get it ready again- and how is this done?

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.