a) Interpretation: The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed. Concept introduction: The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution. To show: The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Question

2. A graph shown below shows first ionization energies for elements from H to Ne. First ionization energy/kJ mol 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 T T T T 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 Atomic number a) Using arguments of electronic structure, explain why ionization energy of Li is much lower than that of H. (2 points) then dips at O. b) Using the same arguments, explain why ionization energy increases from B to N, and (3 points)

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9.8, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of a hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Students have asked these similar questions

2. A graph shown below shows first ionization energies for elements from H to Ne. First ionization energy/kJ mol 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 T T T T 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 Atomic number a) Using arguments of electronic structure, explain why ionization energy of Li is much lower than that of H. (2 points) then dips at O. b) Using the same arguments, explain why ionization energy increases from B to N, and (3 points)

Give the name of this compound, including stereochemistry if relevant: CICH2 CH3 Br CH₂CH=CH2 Write in the product, including stereochemistry where relevant, for these reactions. See end of ch. 8, p. 301-303. 1. 03 a) 2-methyl-2-pentene -> 2. Zn, H* Br2 b) 1-ethylcyclopentene -->

None

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9.8, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of a hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9.8, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of a hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9.8, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of a hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 5

Chapter 9.8, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of a hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Answer 6

Chapter 9.8, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Answer 7

Chapter 9.8, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of a hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of a hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained are to be shown. If two routes are possible both has to be listed.

Concept introduction:

The alkylation of alkynes is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. Acetylene upon alkylation gives a terminal alkyne while further alkylation of a terminal alkyne leads to the formation of an internal alkyne. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic in nature, displaces the halide ion when treated with alkyl halide and gets itself attached to the alkyl group to yield a terminal alkyne. Only primary alkyl halides can be used in the reaction because when secondary and tertiary alkyl halides are used elimination of hydrogen halide occurs instead of substitution.

To show:

The terminal alkyne and the alkyl halide from which the compound shown can be obtained. Further to list both routes if two routes are possible.

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 15

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 16

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 17

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

Answer 18

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

Answer 19

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

Answer 20

Trending now

Answer 21

This is a popular solution!

Answer 22

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 23

Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 2P Ch. 9.3 - What products would you expect from the following...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 4P Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 5P Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 6P Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 7P Ch. 9.5 - Using any alkyne needed, how would you prepare the...Ch. 9.7 - The pKa of acetone, CH3COCH3, is 19.3. Which of...Ch. 9.8 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the alkylation method is an efficient method for preparing higher alkanes. The actylide anion, being nucleophilic, displaces the halide ion

Chapter 9 Solutions