Chapter 7, Problem 18P

a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: 11 observations of days going across row 4.

Introduction: The amount of the dependency on human effort by an organization in terms of achieving its goals is given by the work design. It is directly linked to the productivity of an organization, where a good work design helps in achieving high productivity.

Answer to Problem 18P

11 observations of days are given.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

	1	2	3	4	5	6
1	6912	7264	2801	8901	4627	8387
2	3491	1192	575	7547	2093	4617
3	4715	2486	2776	2664	3856	64
4	1632	1546	1950	1844	1123	1908
5	8510	7209	938	2376	120	4237
6	3950	1328	7343	6083	2108	2044
7	7871	7752	521	8511	3956	3957
8	2716	1396	7354	249	7728	8818
9	1935	8259	9912	3761	4028	9207
10	8533	9957	9585	1039	2159	2438
11	508	1640	2768	4666	9530	3352
12	2951	131	4359	3095	4421	3018

Sets of two digits in row 4 from left to right are taken for days and the same is repeated for row 5

Schedule of days in row 4 and 5:

The days are observed from 1 to 50. Therefore, values below 50 are considered and values exceeding 50 are rejected. From the given table, the selected days in row 4 starting from left to right are 16, 32, 15, 46, 19, 50, 18, 44, 11, 23, and 19.

These are the values which satisfy the criteria for days below 50.

Hence, days for 11 observations for days is given.

b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The hours from column 1 using its first digit.

Introduction: The amount of the dependency on human effort by an organization in terms of achieving its goals is given by the work design. It is directly linked to the productivity of an organization, where a good work design helps in achieving high productivity.

Answer to Problem 18P

The hours from column 1 using its first digit is given.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

	1	2	3	4	5	6
1	6912	7264	2801	8901	4627	8387
2	3491	1192	575	7547	2093	4617
3	4715	2486	2776	2664	3856	64
4	1632	1546	1950	1844	1123	1908
5	8510	7209	938	2376	120	4237
6	3950	1328	7343	6083	2108	2044
7	7871	7752	521	8511	3956	3957
8	2716	1396	7354	249	7728	8818
9	1935	8259	9912	3761	4028	9207
10	8533	9957	9585	1039	2159	2438
11	508	1640	2768	4666	9530	3352
12	2951	131	4359	3095	4421	3018

For hours, consider one digit going down from column 1 and repeating it for column 2.

Schedule of days in column 1 and 2:

Last one digit in column 1 is taken in hours. For an eight-hour period, the values will be within 0 to 8. So, numbers exceeding 8 are eliminated from the selection. The remaining values for hours are 6, 3, 4, 1, 3, 7, 2, 2, 0, 2, and 7 (in between, 8 is eliminated since the observation is taken within the 8-hour period which is within 7:59).

Hence, the hours from column 1 using its first digit is given.

c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The minutes reading in the first two digits in column 4, which is going up and then taking the next set of two digits.

Introduction: The amount of the dependency on human effort by an organization in terms of achieving its goals is given by the work design. It is directly linked to the productivity of an organization, where a good work design helps in achieving high productivity.

Answer to Problem 18P

The minutes reading of the first two digits in column 4, which is going up and then taking the next set of two digits is given.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

	1	2	3	4	5	6
1	6912	7264	2801	8901	4627	8387
2	3491	1192	575	7547	2093	4617
3	4715	2486	2776	2664	3856	64
4	1632	1546	1950	1844	1123	1908
5	8510	7209	938	2376	120	4237
6	3950	1328	7343	6083	2108	2044
7	7871	7752	521	8511	3956	3957
8	2716	1396	7354	249	7728	8818
9	1935	8259	9912	3761	4028	9207
10	8533	9957	9585	1039	2159	2438
11	508	1640	2768	4666	9530	3352
12	2951	131	4359	3095	4421	3018

For minutes, consider the first two digits going up in column 4 and repeat it with the next set of two digits in the same column.

The first two digits in column 4 are taken for minutes and the numbers ranges from 0 to 59. Hence, numbers exceeding 59 are omitted from the selection. The selected numbers are 30, 46, 10, 37, 03, 23, 18, 26, 39, 49, and 11.

Hence, the minutes reading the first two digits in column 4, which is going up and then taking next set of two digits, is given.

d)

Summary Introduction

To arrange: The days, hours, and minutes, in chronological order.

Introduction: The amount of the dependency on human effort by an organization in terms of achieving its goals is given by the work design. It is directly linked to the productivity of an organization, where a good work design helps in achieving high productivity.

Answer to Problem 18P

The arrangement of days, hours, and minutes, in chronological order is given in Table 1.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

	1	2	3	4	5	6
1	6912	7264	2801	8901	4627	8387
2	3491	1192	575	7547	2093	4617
3	4715	2486	2776	2664	3856	64
4	1632	1546	1950	1844	1123	1908
5	8510	7209	938	2376	120	4237
6	3950	1328	7343	6083	2108	2044
7	7871	7752	521	8511	3956	3957
8	2716	1396	7354	249	7728	8818
9	1935	8259	9912	3761	4028	9207
10	8533	9957	9585	1039	2159	2438
11	508	1640	2768	4666	9530	3352
12	2951	131	4359	3095	4421	3018

From the above finding, the days, hours, and minutes are,

Day	Hour	Minutes
16	6	30
32	3	46
15	4	10
46	1	37
19	3	2
50	7	23
18	2	18
44	2	26
11	0	39
23	2	49
19	7	11

Arrangement of days, hours and minutes in chronological order:

Day	Hour	Minutes
11	0	39
15	4	10
16	6	30
18	2	18
19	3	2
19	7	11
23	2	49
32	3	46
44	2	26
46	1	37
50	7	23

The days, hours and minutes are arranged in chronological order, which is given in Table 1.

e)

Summary Introduction

To convert: The observed days to dates in March, April, and May.

Introduction: The amount of the dependency on human effort by an organization in terms of achieving its goals is given by the work design. It is directly linked to the productivity of an organization, where a good work design helps in achieving high productivity.

Answer to Problem 18P

The observed days are converted to dates in March, April, and May.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

	1	2	3	4	5	6
1	6912	7264	2801	8901	4627	8387
2	3491	1192	575	7547	2093	4617
3	4715	2486	2776	2664	3856	64
4	1632	1546	1950	1844	1123	1908
5	8510	7209	938	2376	120	4237
6	3950	1328	7343	6083	2108	2044
7	7871	7752	521	8511	3956	3957
8	2716	1396	7354	249	7728	8818
9	1935	8259	9912	3761	4028	9207
10	8533	9957	9585	1039	2159	2438
11	508	1640	2768	4666	9530	3352
12	2951	131	4359	3095	4421	3018

The conversion of observed days into dates in March, April, and May:

Table 1 gives the observed days. The organization has no holidays during the month of March, April, and May. The company functions for 5 days a week; taking this into account, March 1^st is considered as day 1 and the respective dates are given as follows:

Day	Dates	Hour	Minutes
11	15-Mar	0	39
15	19-Mar	4	10
16	22-Mar	6	30
18	24-Mar	2	18
19	25-Mar	3	2
19	25-Mar	7	11
23	31-Mar	2	49
32	13-Apr	3	46
44	29-Apr	2	26
46	3-May	1	37
50	7-May	7	23

The observed days are converted into dates in the months of March, April, and May; this starts from March 15 and ends in May 7.

Hence, the observed days are converted to dates in March, April, and May.