Chapter 7, Problem 128A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The term transition elements needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Periodic table is a tabular representation of chemical elements together with their symbols, atomic numbers and atomic masses. The chemical characteristics of each element are determined by their protons and electrons number.

Answer to Problem 128A

The element in groups 3 to group 12 is known as transition elements. They have completely filled or partially filled d-orbitals.

Explanation of Solution

Transition elements are known as d- block elements and they have partially filled d sub-shell. They are found in the periodic table from group 3-group 12. The transition elements are classified as transition metals and inner transition metals. The inner transition metals are known as the lanthanide series and the actinide series.

Conclusion

Transition elements (d-block) usually have a filled s-orbitals of energy level n and filled or partially filled d-orbitals of energy level $\text{n}-1$.