Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The reason for melting point of calcium to be considerably higher than the melting point of potassium needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Melting point of a solid is an indication of the strength of the force of attraction between its particles.

Answer to Problem 118A
Calcium has stronger ionic lattice than potassium thus calcium has a higher melting point.
Explanation of Solution
Calcium is present in group 2 it forms +2 cation and potassium is present in group 1 and it forms +1 cation. With increase in ionic charge, intermolecular interaction becomes stronger. A sufficient amount of energy is required to break the order when a substance melts. Calcium has stronger ionic lattice than potassium thus calcium has a higher melting point.
When a substance melts a sufficient amount of energy is required to break the order. Calcium has a higher melting point because calcium has stronger ionic lattice than potassium.
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