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The reaction below can be used as laboratory method of preparing small quantities of
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General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
- Determine the volume of sulfuric acid solution needed to prepare 37.4 g of aluminum sulfate, Al2(SO4)3, by the reaction 2Al(s)+3H2SO4(aq)Al2(SO4)3(aq)+3H2(g) The sulfuric acid solution, whose density is 1.104 g/mL, contains 15.0% H2SO4 by mass.arrow_forwardLactic acid, C3H6O3 is the acid present in sour milk. A 0.100-g sample of pure lactic acid requires 12.95 mL of 0.0857 M sodium hydroxide for complete reaction. How many moles of hydroxide ion are required to neutralize one mole of lactic acid?arrow_forward4.79 Phosphoric add (H3PO4) is important in the production of both fertilizers and detergents. It is distributed commercially as a solution with a concentration of about 14.8 M. Approximately 2.1 X l09 gallons of this concentrated phosphoric acid solution is produced annually in the United States. Assuming that all of this H3PO4 is produced by the reaction below, what mass of the mineral fluoruapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F) would be required each year? Ca5( PO4)3F+5H2SO43H3PO4+5CaSO4+HFarrow_forward
- The formation of water-Insoluble silver chloride is useful in the analysis of chloride-containing substances. Consider the following unbalanced equation: BaCl2(aq) + AgNO3(aq) AgCI(s) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) (a) Write the balanced equation. (b) What mass of AgNO3, in grams, is required for complete reaction with 0.156 g of BaCI2? What mass of AgCI is produced?arrow_forwardVitamin C, ascorbic acid (C6HgO6)(molar mass 176.1 g/mol), is a reducing agent. One way to determine the ascorbic acid content of a sample is to mix the acid with an excess of iodine, C6HgO6(aq) + I2(aq) + H2O(l) C6HgO6(aq) + 2 H3O+(aq) + 2 I(aq) and then titrate the iodine that did not react with the ascorbic acid with sodium thiosulfate. The balanced, net ionic equation for the reaction occurring in this titration is I2(aq) + 2 S2O32(aq)2 I(aq) + S4O62(aq) Suppose 50.00 mL of 0.0520 M I2 was added to the sample containing ascorbic acid. After the ascorbic acid/I2, reaction was complete, the I2 not used in this reaction required 20.30 mL of 0.196 M Na2S2O3 for titration to the equivalence point. Calculate the mass of ascorbic acid in the unknown sample.arrow_forward39. Standard solutions of calcium ion used to test for water hardness are prepared by dissolving pure calcium carbonate. CaCO3, in dilute hydrochloric acid. A 1.745-g sample of CaCO3 is placed in a 250.O-mL volumetric flask and dissolved in HCI. Then the solution is diluted to the calibration mark of the volumetric flask. Calculate the resulting molarity of calcium ion.arrow_forward
- A chemist added an excess of sodium sulfate to a solution of a soluble barium compound to precipitate all of the barium ion as barium sulfate, BaSO4. How many grams of barium ion are in a 458-mg sample of the barium compound if a solution of the sample gave 513 mg BaSO4 precipitate? What is the mass percentage of barium in the compound?arrow_forwardA soluble iodide was dissolved in water. Then an excess of silver nitrate, AgNO3, was added to precipitate all of the iodide ion as silver iodide, AgI. If 1.545 g of the soluble iodide gave 2.185 g of silver iodide, how many grams of iodine are in the sample of soluble iodide? What is the mass percentage of iodine, I, in the compound?arrow_forward3.14 A number of compounds are used in cement, and reactions among them occur when water is added. In one, CaO reacts with Al2O3 and water to form Ca3Al2(OH)12. Write a bal- anced chemical equation for this process.arrow_forward
- 4.59 Aluminum dissolves in HCI according to the equation written below, whereas copper does not react with HCl. 2Al( s )+6HCl( aq ) 2AlCl 3 ( aq )+ 3H 2 ( g ) A 35.0-g sample of a copper—aluminum alloy is dropped into 750 mL of 3.00 M HCl, and the reaction above proceeds as far as possible. If the ahoy contains 77.1% Al by mass, what mass of hydrogen gas would be produced?arrow_forwardPhosphoric acid is prepared by dissolving phosphorus(V) oxide, P4O10, in water. What is the balanced equation for this reaction? How many grams of P4O10 are required to make 1.19 L of aqueous solution containing 5.50% phosphoric acid by mass? The density of the solution is 1.025 g/mL.arrow_forwardMagnesium metal (a component of alloys used in aircraft and a reducing agent used in the production of uranium, titanium, and other active metals) is isolated from sea water by the following sequence of reactions: Mg2+(aq)+Ca(OH)2(aq)Mg(OH)2(s)+Ca2+(aq)Mg(OH)2(s)+2HCl(aq)MgCl2(s)+2H2O(l)MgCl2(l)electrolysisMg(s)+Cl2+Cl2(g) Sea water has a density of 1.026 g/cm3 and contains 1272 parts per million of magnesium a5 Mg2+(aq) by mass. What mass, in kilograms, of Ca(OH)2; is required to precipitate 99.9% of the magnesium in 1.00103 L of sea water?arrow_forward
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