Chapter 5, Problem 1E

Using information from this chapter, indicate wheeler each of the following substances in aqueous solution is a nonelectrolyte, weak electrolyte,or strong electrolyte.
a. ${\text{HC}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}\text{O;}$
b. ${\text{Li}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\text{;}$
c. ${\text{Mgl}}_{\text{2}}\text{;}$
d. ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\text{O;}$
e. $\text{Sr}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}\text{.}}$

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Aqueous solution of $H{C}_6{H}_{5}O$ should be determined as strong electrolyte, weak electrolyte or non-electrolyte.

Concept introduction:

Solutes that provide ions when dissolved in water are called electrolytes.

Electrolytes are minerals that can carry electric charge. Electrolytes can categorized into 3 sections as Strong Electrolytes, weak Electrolytes and Non Electrolytes.

Answer to Problem 1E

$H{C}_6{H}_{5}O$ is a weak electrolyte.

Explanation of Solution

Solutes that that do not provide ions in water are called nonelectrolytes. A strong electrolyte is a substance that is essentially completely ionized in aqueous solution. Weak electrolyte is only partially ionized in aqueous solution: only some of the dissolved solute is converted into ions.

Strong electrolytes fall into three categories: strong acids, strong bases and salts. Weak electrolytes include weak acids and weak bases.

$H{C}_6{H}_{5}O$, phenol; is a weak acid and the position of equilibrium lies well to the left as below.

$H{C}_6{H}_{5}O(aq)\rightleftharpoons C_6{H}_5{O}^{-}(aq)+H^{+}(aq)$

Phenol can lose a hydrogen ion because the phenoxide ion formed is stable to some extent. Hence $H{C}_6{H}_{5}O$ is a weak electrolyte.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Aqueous solution of $L{i}_{2}S{O}_4$ should be determined as strong electrolyte, weak electrolyte or non-electrolyte.

Concept introduction:

Solutes that provide ions when dissolved in water are called electrolytes.

Electrolytes are minerals that can carry electric charge. Electrolytes can categorized into 3 sections as Strong Electrolytes, weak Electrolytes and Non Electrolytes.

Answer to Problem 1E

$L{i}_{2}S{O}_4$ is a strong electrolyte.

Explanation of Solution

Solutes that that do not provide ions in water are called nonelectrolytes. A strong electrolyte is a substance that is essentially completely ionized in aqueous solution. Weak electrolyte is only partially ionized in aqueous solution: only some of the dissolved solute is converted into ions.

Strong electrolytes fall into three categories: strong acids, strong bases and salts. Weak electrolytes include weak acids and weak bases.

$L{i}_{2}S{O}_4$ is a salt and completely dissociate to ions when dissolving as follows, therefore $L{i}_{2}S{O}_4$ is a strong electrolyte which can conduct electricity.

$L{i}_{2}S{O}_4(aq)\to 2L{i}^{+2}(aq)+S{O}_4{}^{2-}(aq)$

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Aqueous solution of $Mg{I}_2$ should be determined as strong electrolyte, weak electrolyte or non-electrolyte.

Concept introduction:

Solutes that provide ions when dissolved in water are called electrolytes.

Electrolytes are minerals that can carry electric charge. Electrolytes can categorized into 3 sections as Strong Electrolytes, weak Electrolytes and Non Electrolytes.

Answer to Problem 1E

$Mg{I}_2$ is a strong electrolyte.

Explanation of Solution

Solutes that that do not provide ions in water are called nonelectrolytes. A strong electrolyte is a substance that is essentially completely ionized in aqueous solution. Weak electrolyte is only partially ionized in aqueous solution: only some of the dissolved solute is converted into ions.

Strong electrolytes fall into three categories: strong acids, strong bases and salts. Weak electrolytes include weak acids and weak bases.

$Mg{I}_2$ is an ionic compound and it completely dissociate to ions when dissolving as follows; therefore $Mg{I}_2$ is a strong electrolyte.

$Mg{I}_2(aq)\to M{g}^{+2}(aq)+2I^{-}(aq)$

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Aqueous solution of ${(C{H}_{3}C{H}_2)}_{2}O$ should be determined as strong electrolyte, weak electrolyte or non-electrolyte.

Concept introduction:

Solutes that provide ions when dissolved in water are called electrolytes.

Electrolytes are minerals that can carry electric charge. Electrolytes can categorized into 3 sections as Strong Electrolytes, weak Electrolytes and Non Electrolytes.

Answer to Problem 1E

${(C{H}_{3}C{H}_2)}_{2}O$ is a non-electrolyte.

Explanation of Solution

Solutes that that do not provide ions in water are called nonelectrolytes. A strong electrolyte is a substance that is essentially completely ionized in aqueous solution. Weak electrolyte is only partially ionized in aqueous solution: only some of the dissolved solute is converted into ions.

Strong electrolytes fall into three categories: strong acids, strong bases and salts. Weak electrolytes include weak acids and weak bases.

${(C{H}_{3}C{H}_2)}_{2}O$, diethyl ether; is an organic compound. Thus, it is covalent and do not completely dissociate into ions in an aqueous solution, so it can be taken as nonelectrolyte.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Aqueous solution of $Sr{(OH)}_2$ should be determined as strong electrolyte, weak electrolyte or non-electrolyte.

Concept introduction:

Solutes that provide ions when dissolved in water are called electrolytes.

Electrolytes are minerals that can carry electric charge. Electrolytes can categorized into 3 sections as Strong Electrolytes, weak Electrolytes and Non Electrolytes.

Answer to Problem 1E

$Sr{(OH)}_2$ is a strong electrolyte.

Explanation of Solution

Solutes that that do not provide ions in water are called nonelectrolytes. A strong electrolyte is a substance that is essentially completely ionized in aqueous solution. Weak electrolyte is only partially ionized in aqueous solution: only some of the dissolved solute is converted into ions.

Strong electrolytes fall into three categories: strong acids, strong bases and salts. Weak electrolytes include weak acids and weak bases.

$Sr{(OH)}_2$ is a salt and completely dissociate into respective ions in an aqueous solution as follows, therefore $Sr{(OH)}_2$ is a strong electrolyte.

$Sr{(OH)}_2(aq)\to S{r}^{2+}(aq)+2O{H}^{-}(aq)$