Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 1A in the periodic table should be determined. Concept Introduction: Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element. Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements. There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 6RQ

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 1A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 6A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 5A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 2A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

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1A H 2A Li Be Use the References to access important values if needed for this question. 8A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A He B C N O F Ne Na Mg 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B-1B 2B Al Si P 1B 2B Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe * Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Rf Ha ****** Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Analyze the following reaction by looking at the electron configurations given below each box. Put a number and a symbol in each box to show the number and kind of the corresponding atom or ion. Use the smallest integers possible. cation anion + + Shell 1: 2 Shell 2: 8 Shell 3: 1 Shell 1 : 2 Shell 2 : 6 Shell 1 : 2 Shell 2: 8 Shell 1: 2 Shell 2: 8

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IV. Show the detailed synthesis strategy for the following compounds. a. CH3CH2CH2CH2Br CH3CH2CCH2CH2CH3

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 6RQ

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 1A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 6A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 5A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 2A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 6RQ

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 1A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 6A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 5A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 2A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 6RQ

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 1A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 6A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 5A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 2A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

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Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 6RQ

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 1A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 6A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 5A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 2A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 6RQ

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 1A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 6RQ

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 1A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

Answer 8

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 6A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

Answer 9

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 6A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

Answer 10

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 5A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

Answer 11

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 5A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

Answer 12

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 2A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

Answer 13

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of electrons needed by element to complete their octets from group 2A in the periodic table should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

Answer 14

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 4 - Prob. 1RQ Ch. 4 - Prob. 2RQ Ch. 4 - What are the structural differences among chlorine...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4RQ Ch. 4 - What are the charges on simple ions formed from...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6RQ Ch. 4 - In what group of the periodic table would elements...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8RQ Ch. 4 - Prob. 9RQ Ch. 4 - Prob. 10P

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