The Lewis formula or structure of the given ion has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name. Concept introduction: The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as: 1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge. 2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood. 3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 1CGP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given ion has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 1CGP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given ion has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 1CGP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given ion has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 1CGP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given ion has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

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Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 1CGP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given ion has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 1CGP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given ion has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 1CGP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given ion has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis formula or structure of the given molecule has to determine with a comparison between the earlier name and final name.

Concept introduction:

The fundamentals of Lewis formula or Lewis structure can be described as:

1. The valence electron provided by the atom have to add. For a negatively charged ion, an electron has to add for per negative charge. Similarly, for a positively charged species, one electron have to subtract for each positive charge.

2. Usually, the larger atom or the less electronegative atom is the central atom of a species. The chemical symbols of the atoms to show their relative neighborhood.

3. One pair of the electron has to place between each pair of bonded atoms. The two electrons will be equally shared by the two atoms. Then more pair of an electron can be supplied for form multiple bonds or to provide lone pairs until each atom has its octet (doublet for hydrogen). The bond pairs may also be replaced by a single line.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 4 - Prob. 1RQ Ch. 4 - Prob. 2RQ Ch. 4 - What are the structural differences among chlorine...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4RQ Ch. 4 - What are the charges on simple ions formed from...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6RQ Ch. 4 - In what group of the periodic table would elements...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8RQ Ch. 4 - Prob. 9RQ Ch. 4 - Prob. 10P

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