Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781285866932
Author: Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 4, Problem 13RE
Summary Introduction
To fill:
The correct term for the given blanks.
Introduction:
An action potential can be defined as a quick rise and a subsequent decrease in voltage or membrane potential through a cellular membrane with a distinguishing pattern. Synapse is a junction present between the two neurons.
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At __________ synapses, neurotransmitters hyperpolarize the membrane, by making it more permeable to K+ or moving membrane potential away from threshold (hyperpolarizing), and making generation of an action potential less likely; these are inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs).
A/An _____ synapse is formed when a presynaptic neuron synapses with the cell body of a postsynaptic neuron
The change in the electrical balance between the intra- and extra-cellular fluid that occurs when a neuron sends a message is called the _________________ potential.
action
resting
electrical
synaptic
Chapter 4 Solutions
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 4.1 - Name the two types of excitable tissue.Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 4.1 - State the factor responsible for triggering gate...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 4.2 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 4.2 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 4.3 - Draw and label an action potential, indicating the...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 4.3 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4CYU
Ch. 4.4 - Explain why synapses operate only in the direction...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 4.4 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 4.4 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 4.5 - Define target cell.Ch. 4.5 - Distinguish among the four types of extracellular...Ch. 4.5 - Outline the three general means by which binding...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 4.6 - Distinguish between cytokines and eicosanoids.Ch. 4.6 - Discuss the roles of phospholipase A2,...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 4.7 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 4.7 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 4.7 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 4.8 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 4.8 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 4 - Conformational changes in channel proteins brought...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2RECh. 4 - Prob. 3RECh. 4 - Prob. 4RECh. 4 - Second-messenger systems ultimately bring about...Ch. 4 - Each steroidogenic organ has all the enzymes...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7RECh. 4 - Prob. 8RECh. 4 - Prob. 9RECh. 4 - Prob. 10RECh. 4 - Prob. 11RECh. 4 - Prob. 12RECh. 4 - Prob. 13RECh. 4 - A common membrane-bound intermediary between the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 15RECh. 4 - Prob. 16RECh. 4 - Prob. 17RECh. 4 - Prob. 18RECh. 4 - Define the following terms: polarization,...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2UCCh. 4 - Prob. 3UCCh. 4 - Prob. 4UCCh. 4 - Compare the four kinds of gated channels in terms...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6UCCh. 4 - Prob. 7UCCh. 4 - Prob. 8UCCh. 4 - Prob. 9UCCh. 4 - Define signal transduction.Ch. 4 - Compare the tyrosine kinase and JAK/STAT pathways.Ch. 4 - Prob. 12UCCh. 4 - Prob. 13UCCh. 4 - Describe how arachidonic acid is converted into...Ch. 4 - Prob. 15UCCh. 4 - Prob. 16UCCh. 4 - Explain how the cascading effect of hormonal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 18UCCh. 4 - Answer the following questions regarding...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2SQECh. 4 - Prob. 3SQECh. 4 - Prob. 1ACRCh. 4 - The rate at which the Na+K+ pump operates is not...Ch. 4 - Which of the following would occur if a neuron...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3TAHLCh. 4 - Assume presynaptic excitatory neuron A terminates...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5TAHL
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- A neuron responds to adequate stimulation with _______, a type of self-propagating signal.arrow_forwardChoosing one neurotransmitter, discuss neurotransmission from synthesis to release in the presynaptic neuron to binding and generation of a postsynaptic potential in the postsynaptic neuron.arrow_forwardThe neurotransmitter secreted at an adrenergic synapse is _____________.arrow_forward
- A neuron receiving a large enough signal, a resting potential changes and produces electrical impulse called ___________.arrow_forwardIn the PNS, neuron cell bodies are located in ______________ and surrounded by neuroglial cells called ______________ cells.arrow_forwardSubstances that mediate and amplifies signals inside the cell called __________ (H) __________arrow_forward
- Correct answer: Ligand-gated ion channel don’t open until the neurotransmitter diffuses across the synapse and binds to the receptor, The calcium channels are blocked in the presynaptic cells, It takes time for the vesicular exocytosis to occur Please explain why each of the correct answer choices are correct. Thank you.arrow_forwardFrom an action potential traveling towards the presynaptic terminal to the potential change in the post synaptic cell, write out each step of ionotropic synaptic transmission. pick a specific neurotransmitter and characterize the appropriate postsynaptic outcome.arrow_forward______Synaptic potentiation ____ _________results when a presynaptic cell is stimulated repeatedly or continuously, resulting in an __________ release of neurotransmitter.__________ __________results when another neuron __________ the release of an excitatory neurotransmitter from a presynaptic cell.arrow_forward
- 1 _________________________ is an example of presynaptic modification of synaptic activity. Group of answer choices Up regulation of neurotransmitter receptors All of these are presynaptic modifications An axoaxonic synapse Receptor desensitization Nextarrow_forwardAssuming that ESre is a functioning neurotransmitter, what other ESre-specific components would we expect to find (and where) and what purpose do they serve (think about the entire process of synaptic transmission when answering)?arrow_forwardReceptor tyrosine kinase’s catalyze the phosphorylation of target proteins which means they are classified as an _______________________ receptorarrow_forward
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