Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134202709
Author: Richard Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 35, Problem 59P

(a)

To determine

To Show: The continuity of wave function and their derivatives lead to the equations Asin(ε)=Beμε and εAcos(ε)=μεBeμε

(b)

To determine

To Show: The equations Asin(ε)=Beμε and εAcos(ε)=μεBeμε lead to single equation tan(ε)=εμε .

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A particle is in a three-dimensional box. The y length of the box is twice the x length, and the z length is one-third of the y length. (a) What is the energy difference between the first excited level and the ground level? (b) Is the first excited level degenerate? (c) In terms of the x length, where is the probability distribution the greatest in the lowest-energy level?
∆E ∆t ≥ ħTime is a parameter, not an observable. ∆t is some timescale over which the expectation value of an operator changes. For example, an electron's angular momentum in a hydrogen atom decays from 2p to 1s. These decays are relativistic, however the uncertainty principle is still valid, and we can use it to estimate uncertainties. The lifetime of hydrogen in the 2p state to decay to the Is ground state is 1.6 x 10-9 s. Estimate the uncertainty ∆E in energy of this excited state. What is the corresponding linewidth in angstroms?
∆E ∆t ≥ ħTime is a parameter, not an observable. ∆t is some timescale over which the expectation value of an operator changes. For example, an electron's angular momentum in a hydrogen atom decays from 2p to 1s. These decays are relativistic, however the uncertainty principle is still valid, and we can use it to estimate uncertainties. ∆E doesn't change in time, so when an excited state decays to the ground state (infinite lifetime, so no energy uncertainty), the energy uncertainty has to go somewhere. Usually, it’s in the frequency of a photon giving a width (through E = hν) to the transition line in an spectroscopy experiment. The linewidth of the 2p state in 9Be+ is 19.4 MHz. What is its lifetime? (Note: in the relativistic atom–photon system, the Hamiltonian is independent of time and both energy and its uncertainty are conserved.)
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