Explanation Calculation: The conditional probability formula for events A and B is, P r ( B | A ) = P r ( A ∩ B ) P r ( A ) The probability that mother is a non-smoker during pregnancy that saliva cotinine is elevated is 0.05. Then probability that mother is a non-smoker during pregnancy that saliva cotinine is not elevated is 1 − 0.05 = 0.95 . The probability that mother is a smoker during pregnancy that saliva cotinine is elevated is 0.97. Then the probability that mother is a smoker during pregnancy that saliva cotinine is not elevated is 1 − 0.97 = 0.03 . Define the event M as Mother’s report of smoking during pregnancy, D as Daughter’s report of fetal smoke exposure. Denote (+) for report saying yes and (–) with report saying no. Also, define event ‘saliva+’ as that saliva cotinine is elevated and ‘saliva–’ as that saliva cotinine is not elevated. The total number of mothers taken in the study is, Total = 6 , 685 + 1 , 126 + 1 , 222 + 23 , 227 = 32 , 260 The table shows the estimated number for each group. D M N Saliva+ Saliva– + + 6,685 6 , 685 ( 0

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Chapter 3, Problem 143P

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Find the probability that the saliva cotinine level in a mother is elevated during pregnancy if the daughter reports that the mother smoked in-utero.

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Chapter 3, Problem 142P

Chapter 3, Problem 144P

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Chapter 3 Solutions

EBK FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOSTATISTICS

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