Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134015187
Author: John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 21.4, Problem 21.5P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The reason for use of lack of reactivity that is slowness of compounds for breakdown should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction. The
Hydrolysis: The reaction in which chemical compound is breakdown in presence of water is termed as hydrolysis. Here water serves as one reactant.
Adenosine triphosphate ATP: The main job of ATP is to store energy and release it when cell is in need of energy.
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The products of a pathway, or the products of specific reactions in the pathway, will often inhibit upstream regulatory enzymes in that pathway. That makes sense - if the products of a pathway are abundant, then the pathway can be shut off to save energy or divert molecules into other pathways. We can use a similar rule of thumb to predict whether a pathway will be active in different biological states. For example, the liver stores glucose (in the form of glycogen), and will release glucose into the bloodstream when blood sugar levels drop. This glucose can come from the synthesis of glucose or breakdown of stored glycogen. This is important for maintaining blood sugar levels.
What would you predict is the relationship between blood sugar levels and glycogen phosphorylase enzyme activity?
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The phosphorylation catalyzed by hexokinase is essentially an irreversible reaction. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true under cellular conditions? In all cases, note that dephosphorylation specifically refers to hydrolysis in which a phosphate is lost.
ATP dephosphorylation is more exergonic than glucose 6-phosphate dephosphorylation.
ATP dephosphorylation is less exergonic than glucose 6-phosphate dephosphorylation.
There is not enough information to determine which reaction is more exergonic.
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reaction that can occur in all cells. Considering this information, how can the reaction in equation 3 proceed?
EQ1: Glucose + Pj
--> glucose 6-phosphate
EQ2: ATP + H20 --> ADP + Pj
EQ3: Glucose + ATP --> glucose 6-phosphate + ADP
Select one:
a. The energy required to make Eq3 spontaneous is provided by the enzyme catalyzing the reaction
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c. The energy released from equation 2 is more than the energy consumed in equation 1 making the overall reaction AG positive
and the reaction spontaneous.
d. The energy released from equation 2 is more than the energy consumed in equation 1 making the overall reaction AG negative
and the reaction spontaneous.
e. The energy released from equation 1 is more than the energy…
Chapter 21 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - In a cell, glucose can be oxidized via metabolic...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 21.2KCPCh. 21.1 - Prob. 21.1CIAPCh. 21.1 - Prob. 21.2CIAPCh. 21.1 - Prob. 21.3CIAPCh. 21.1 - Prob. 21.4CIAPCh. 21.3 - Prob. 21.3PCh. 21.4 - Prob. 21.4PCh. 21.4 - Prob. 21.5PCh. 21.4 - Prob. 21.5CIAP
Ch. 21.4 - How does a cell disarm each of the ROS in CIA...Ch. 21.5 - One of the steps in lipid metabolism is the...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 21.7PCh. 21.5 - Prob. 21.7CIAPCh. 21.5 - Prob. 21.8CIAPCh. 21.5 - Prob. 21.9CIAPCh. 21.5 - Prob. 21.10CIAPCh. 21.5 - Prob. 21.8PCh. 21.6 - Prob. 21.9PCh. 21.6 - Prob. 21.10PCh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.11PCh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.13PCh. 21.7 - Identify the participants in the citric acid cycle...Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 21.15PCh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.16KCPCh. 21.8 - Within the mitochondrion, is the pH higher in the...Ch. 21.8 - Prob. 21.18PCh. 21.8 - Prob. 21.19KCPCh. 21.8 - Prob. 21.11CIAPCh. 21.8 - Prob. 21.12CIAPCh. 21.8 - Prob. 21.13CIAPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.20UKCCh. 21 - Each of these reactions is involved in one of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.22UKCCh. 21 - Prob. 21.23UKCCh. 21 - The reaction that follows is catalyzed by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.25UKCCh. 21 - The electron-transport chain uses several...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.27APCh. 21 - What is the difference between an endergonic...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.29APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.30APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.31APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.32APCh. 21 - Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes,...Ch. 21 - Label each of the following as a characteristic of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.35APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.36APCh. 21 - Describe in general terms the structural makeup of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.38APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.39APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.40APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.41APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.42APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.43APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.44APCh. 21 - What does it mean when we say that two reactions...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.46APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.47APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.48APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.49APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.50APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.51APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.52APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.53APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.54APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.55APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.56APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.57APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.58APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.59APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.60APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.61APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.62APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.63APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.64APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.65APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.66APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.67APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.68APCh. 21 - What does the term oxidative phosphorylation mean?...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.70APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.71APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.72APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.73APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.74APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.75APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.76APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.77CPCh. 21 - Fumarate produced in step 6 of the citric acid...Ch. 21 - With what class of enzymes are the coenzymes NAD+...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.80CPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.81CPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.82CPCh. 21 - The mitochondrion pumps H+ from the matrix into...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.84CPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.85CPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.86CPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.87GPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.88GPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.89GP
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