Chapter 20, Problem 39P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reasonable mechanism for the given reaction is to be proposed.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the organic compounds that contain an amino group $(-{\text{NH}}_2)$.

They can act as nucleophiles and electrophiles in organic reactions.

Amines can be classified into three categories: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.

Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

The reaction of primary amines with a carbonyl group proceeds via the removal of water, and leads to the formation of an addition product in which nitrogen is doubly bonded to the carbon atom of the carbonyl group.