Interpretation:
The reactions of
Concept Introduction:
Amines are the organic compounds that contain an amino group
They can act as nucleophiles and electrophiles in organic reactions.
Amines can be classified into three categories: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.
Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.
Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.
Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.
Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.
Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.
Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.
The electrophilic
Electrophilic substitution reaction is the type of reaction in which an electrophile displaces hydrogen from the compound.
Nucleophilic substitution reaction is a reaction in which an electron rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partial positive charge of an atom or a group of atoms to replace a leaving group.
The
The
An
The nucleophilic substitutions in which a nucleophile replaces a leaving group are known as
The stability of carbocation:
Aniline is ortho and para directing in electrophilic substitution reaction. Aniline is an activating group which contributes to electron density at ortho and para positions.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 20 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Primary amines can be prepared from amides by Hoffman's reaction. Write a general equation for the reaction and give reagents with reaction conditions for this reaction. What property of amines is responsible for them being basic. Suggest one way of Increasing the basicity of an amine and give a specific example of its application.arrow_forwardPredict the products from the reactions of the following amines with sodium nitrite indilute HCl.(a) cyclohexanaminearrow_forward(a) Compound Z is a tertiary aromatic amine with the formula, C8H11N. Provide a chemical structure for compound Z. (b)nDraw the structure of the product formed exclusively when nitrous acid reacts with Z.arrow_forward
- 22.47 Tertiary amines with three different alkyl groups are chiral but cannot be resolved because pyramidal inversion causes racemization at room temperature. Nevertheless, chiral aziridines can be resolved and stored at room temperature. Aziridine is a three-membered heterocycle containing a nitrogen atom. The following is an example of a chiral aziridine. In this compound, the nitrogen atom is a chiral center. Suggest a reason why chiral aziridines do not undergo racemization at room temperature.arrow_forward1. Describe the following reactions of amines, include equations if possible a. Hinsberg reactionb. Diazotisationarrow_forwardPropose a method that can be used to classify amines. Explain how the test is performed and what are the signs of the reaction involved?arrow_forward
- Please help me with both of these, I am very confused and would like to studyarrow_forwardBlack powder (see introduction) was the propellant used in rifles and pistols during the 1860’s. Would it have been possible to use diphenylamine to detect gunshot residue on John Wilkes Booth after the assignation of President Lincoln? Why or Why not?arrow_forwardAnilines can be converted into diazonium salts by reaction with nitrous acid. Diazonium salts react with phenols to form azo dyes. Sketch the aniline derivative and phenol reactant that can combine to produce the azo dye shown.arrow_forward
- The compound acetophenone has a very similar molar mass to that of benzoic acid and benzamide. However, acetophenone has a much lower m.p. (20 °C) than both such that, by contrast, it is a liquid at room temperature. By considering intermolecular forces and comparing functional group structure, account for this big difference in physical properties.arrow_forwardNonearrow_forwardWrite the therapeutic action of following on human body and mention the class of drugs to which each of the these belong:(i) Equanil(ii) Aspirin(iii) Chloramphenicolarrow_forward
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning