Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The procedure for separation of a mixture of benzoic acid,
Concept Introduction:
Benzoic acid is a derivative of benzene; it consists of a
Phenols are also derivatives of benzene. In these compounds, the benzene ring bears a hydroxyl group. Phenols are also slightly soluble in water.
Benzene is a hydrocarbon in which six carbon atoms are joined by a ring with one hydrogen attached to each carbon. These are non-polar compounds, so they are soluble in organic solvents only.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 20 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- The odor of ripe bananas and many other fruits is due to the presence of esters. For example: Banana oil (isopentyl acetate) (a) Write the name (common or IUPAC) of the ester responsible for the fragrance of the following: pineapple, orange, apple, peach, & lavender (b) Choose one fragrant from (a) and name the alcohol and the carboxylic acid needed to synthesize this ester. (c) Show the detailed mechanism of the Fischer Esterification reaction that will be involved in the synthesis of the fragrant you have chosen in part (a).arrow_forwardllustrate with equation: Laboratory preparation of acetic acid Laboratory preparation of benzoic acid Laboratory preparation of salicylic acid Reduction of monocarboxylic acid Oxidation of monocarboxylic acidarrow_forwardDescribe how 3-methyl-1-phenyl-3-pentanol can be prepared from benzene. You can use any inorganic reagents and solvents, and any organic reagents provided they contain no more than two carbons.arrow_forward
- Which of the following could be used as a solvent in the deprotonation reaction of terminal alkynes? A CH;OH (I) B CH;COOH (I) NH3 (1) D) H20 ()arrow_forwardOctinoxate is an unsaturated ester used as an active ingredient in sunscreens. (a) What carbonyl compounds are needed to synthesize this compound using a condensation reaction? (b) Devise a synthesis of octinoxate from the given organic starting materials and any other needed reagents.arrow_forward24.82 When the compound shown here is heated, ethene gas is evolved and a product with the formula C14H3O2 is formed. The 'H NMR and 13C NMR spectra of C14H8O2 are shown below. (There are two signals >150 ppm in the 13C NMR spectrum. Recall that the 13C NMR signal at 77 ppm is from the CDCI3 solvent.) (a) Draw the structure of C,14H3O2. (b) Draw the mechanism that accounts for its formation. (c) What is the main driving force that favors the products of this reaction? ? C14H3O2 C14H8O2 9. 8 7 6 4 3 2 1 250 200 150 100 50 Chemical shift (ppm) Chemical shift (ppm)arrow_forward
- Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring. It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) Part A Given 7.30 gg of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%% yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures. Part B A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.95 gg of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? Express your answer as a percent to three significant figures. Part C The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0%% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.30 gg of…arrow_forwardEthyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring. It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) Given 8.45 gg of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%% yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures. A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.50 gg of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? Express your answer as a percent to three significant figures. The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0%% yield. How many grams would be produced from 8.45 gg of butanoic acid and excess…arrow_forwardProvide a two step method to distinguish between the following compounds. (Propanal, butanal, butanone, propanone). Explain your choice of reagents and your expected results.arrow_forward
- Suppose you have a mixture of these three compounds. Devise a chemical procedure based on their relative acidity or basicity to separate and isolate each in pure form.arrow_forwardIbufenac, a para-disubstituted arene with the structureHO2CCH2C6H4CH2CH(CH3)2 , is a much more potent analgesic thanaspirin, but it was never sold commercially because it caused livertoxicity in some clinical trials. Devise a synthesis of ibufenac frombenzene and organic halides having fewer than five carbons.arrow_forwardShow how to convert carboxylic acids to other functional groups, and devisemultistep syntheses using carboxylic acids as starting materials and intermediates.Explain how acid chlorides are used as activated derivatives of carboxylic acidsarrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningMacroscale and Microscale Organic ExperimentsChemistryISBN:9781305577190Author:Kenneth L. Williamson, Katherine M. MastersPublisher:Brooks ColeChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning