Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The Lewis structure of
Concept Introduction:
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion model predicts shape by inclusion of bond angles and most distant arrangement of atoms that leads to minimum repulsion.
For molecules that have lone pairs around central atom, lone pairs influence shape, because there are no atoms at the positions occupied by these lone pairs. The key rule that governs the molecular shape, in this case, is the extent of lone pair–lone pair repulsions are far greater than lone bond pair or bond pair-bond pair repulsions. The table that summarized the molecular shapes possible for various combinations of bonded and lone pairs are given as follows:
(a)

Answer to Problem 2E.14E
The shape for
Explanation of Solution
Total valence electrons are sum of the valence electrons on each atom in
The skeleton structure in
These 12 electron pairs are assigned as lone pairs of each of the
If lone pairs are represented by E, central atom with A and other attached bon pairs by X, then for any see-saw species the VSEPR formula is predicted as
It is evident that in
(c)
Interpretation:
The Lewis structure of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)

Answer to Problem 2E.14E
The shape for
Explanation of Solution
Total valence electrons are sum of the valence electrons on each atom in
The skeleton structure in
These 15 electron pairs are assigned as lone pairs of each of the
If lone pairs are represented by E, central atom with A and other attached bond pairs by X, then for any trigonal pyramidal geometry the VSEPR formula is predicted as
It is evident that in
The bond angles are
(c)
Interpretation:
The Lewis structure of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)

Answer to Problem 2E.14E
The shape for
Explanation of Solution
Total valence electrons are sum of the valence electrons on each chlorine and central iodine in
The skeleton structure in
These 8 electron pairs are allotted as lone pairs to each of the bromine atoms and central sulfur to satisfy respective octets. Hence, the Lewis structure and corresponding VSPER geometry in
It is evident that in
If lone pairs are represented by E, central atom with A and other attached bond pairs by X, then for any see-saw species the VSEPR formula is predicted as
(d)
Interpretation:
The Lewis structure of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(d)

Answer to Problem 2E.14E
The shape for
Explanation of Solution
Total valence electrons are sum of the valence electrons on each chlorine and central iodine in
The skeleton structure in
These 8 electron pairs are allotted as lone pairs of each of the chlorine atoms and central iodine to satisfy respective octets. Hence, the Lewis structure and corresponding VSPER geometry in
It is evident that in
Lone pairs tend to occupy the equatorial locations of trigonal plane so that they are
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 2 Solutions
ACHIEVE/CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES ACCESS 2TERM
- Q5: Label each chiral carbon in the following molecules as R or S. Make sure the stereocenter to which each of your R/S assignments belong is perfectly clear to the grader. (8pts) R OCH 3 CI H S 2pts for each R/S HO R H !!! I OH CI HN CI R Harrow_forwardCalculate the proton and carbon chemical shifts for this structurearrow_forwardA. B. b. Now consider the two bicyclic molecules A. and B. Note that A. is a dianion and B. is a neutral molecule. One of these molecules is a highly reactive compound first characterized in frozen noble gas matrices, that self-reacts rapidly at temperatures above liquid nitrogen temperature. The other compound was isolated at room temperature in the early 1960s, and is a stable ligand used in organometallic chemistry. Which molecule is the more stable molecule, and why?arrow_forward
- A mixture of C7H12O2, C9H9OCl, biphenyl and acetone was put together in a gas chromatography tube. Please decide from the GC resutls which correspond to the peak for C7,C9 and biphenyl and explain the reasoning based on GC results. Eliminate unnecessary peaks from Gas Chromatography results.arrow_forwardIs the molecule chiral, meso, or achiral? CI .CH3 H₂C CIarrow_forwardPLEASE HELP ! URGENT!arrow_forward
- Identify priority of the substituents: CH3arrow_forwardHow many chiral carbons are in the molecule? OH F CI Brarrow_forwardA mixture of three compounds Phen-A, Acet-B and Rin-C was analyzed using TLC with 1:9 ethanol: hexane as the mobile phase. The TLC plate showed three spots of R, 0.1 and 0.2 and 0.3. Which of the three compounds (Phen-A; Acet-B or Rin-C) would have the highest (Blank 1), middle (Blank 2) and lowest (Blank 3) spot respectively? 0 CH: 0 CH, 0 H.C OH H.CN OH Acet-B Rin-C phen-A A A <arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning





