A solid, truncated cone serves as a support for a system that maintains the top (truncated) face of the cone at a temperature
The thermal conductivity of the solid depends on temperature according to the relation
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Introduction to Heat Transfer
- As a designer working for a major electric appliance manufacturer, you are required to estimate the amount of fiberglass insulation packing (k = 0.035 W/m K) that is needed for a kitchen oven shown in the figure below. The fiberglass layer is to be sandwiched between a 2-mm-thick aluminum cladding plate on the outside and a 5-mm-thick stainless steel plate on the inside that forms the core of the oven. The insulation thickness is such that the outside cladding temperature does not exceed 40C when the temperature at the inside surface of the oven is 300C. Also, the air temperature in the kitchen varies from 15Cto33C, and the average heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the oven and air is estimated to be 12.0W/m2K. Determine the thickness of the fiberglass insulation that is required for these conditions. What would be the outer surface temperature when the inside surface of the oven is at 475C?arrow_forward4x F2 # 3 E 4, F3 54 $ R F4 Ac = 1m² ▬ H DII x= 1 m (4) Consider a wall (as shown above) of thickness L-1 m and thermal conductivity k-1 W/m-K. The left (x=0) and the right (x=1 m) surfaces of the wall are subject to convection with a convectional heat transfer coefficient h= 1 W/m²K and an ambient temperature T. 1 K. There is no heat generation inside the wall. You may assume 1-D heat transfer, steady state condition, and neglect any thermal contact resistance. Find T(x). % To,1 = 1 K h₁ = 1 W/m²K 5 Q Search F5 T T₁ A 6 x=0 F6 à = 0 W/m³ k= 1W/mK L=1m Y 994 F7 & 7 T₂ U Ton2 = 1 K h₂ = 1 W/m²K1 PrtScn F8 Page of 7 ) 0 PgUp F11 Parrow_forward2arrow_forward
- Q1/A long cylindrical shell of inner radius R, = 1 cm, outer radius R₂ = 2 cm, and length L = 10 m is shown in the Figure. The inner wall of cylindrical shell is maintained at constant temperature T₁ = 10 C and outer wall is maintained at constant temperature T2 Calculate the temperature at r = 1.5 cm (Consider radial conduction only). 20 C. Assumptions: System is in steady state. Thermal conductivity, k= 22.5 W/m C, is constant. System follows Fourier's law of heat conduction. Heat loss in axial direction is negligible, T₁ - R₂ T₂arrow_forward2-1. Temperature Response in Cooling a Wire. A small copper wire with a diameter of 0.792 mm and initially at 366.5 K is suddenly immersed in a liquid held constant at 311 K. The convection coefficient h 85.2 W/m K. The physical properties can be assumed constant and are k =374 W/m K, c, = 0.389 kJ/kg K, and p = 8890 kg/m2. (a) Determine the time in seconds for the average temperature of the wire to drop to 338.8 K (one-half the initial temperature difference). (b) Do the same but for h 11.36 W/m2 K (c) For part (b), calculate the total amount of heat removed for a wire 1.0 m р u (A long. (a) t 5.66 s Ans. the Smou hire is lons asbume Nhere rraolius , here radlius yinder hitu x Chapter 14 Principles of Unsteady-State Heat Transferarrow_forward1arrow_forward
- Look at the picture and thank youarrow_forwardPlaster Insulation Brick Inside Outside Air Air R/2 R3/2 G R/2 A particular house wall consists of three layers and has a surface area A. The inside layer is made of plaster board, the middle layer is made of fiberglass insulation, and the outside layer is made of brick. The thermal conductivity of all three layers is known, and the thickness of the plaster board and siding are also known. The convection coefficient for the inside and outside wall surfaces are known: System_Parameters - (h; = 40.0 h, = 60.0 k = 0.2 k = 0.04 k3 = 0.3 A= 30.0) System_Parameters = (L = 10.0 L2= unknown L3 = 100.0 cp1 = 950.0 c p2 = 10.0 cp3= 800.0 P1 = 700.0 Pz = 0.5 P3= 2000.0) W - mm; A ~ m²; k ~. m °C ;p~ 8: T ~ °C kg °C L m² °C m- a) If the thermal capacitances of the walls is ignored, How thick must the insulation layer be so that the heat loss is no greater than 400W if the outside temperature is -15-C? b) Now consider the situation where the thermal capacitance is also considered. Develop the state…arrow_forwardConsider a copper plate that has dimensions of 3 cm x 3 cm x 7 cm (length, width, and thickness, respectively). As shown in the following figure, the copper plate is exposed to a thermal energy source that puts out 126 J every second. The density of copper is 8,900 kg/m³. Assume there is no heat loss to the surrounding block. 126 J Copper Insulation Ⓡ What is the specific heat of copper (in J/(kg K))? J/(kg. K) What is the mass of the copper plate (in kg)? kg How much energy (in J) will be consumed during 11 seconds? J Determine the temperature rise (in K) in the plate after 11 seconds.arrow_forward
- Thermodynamics In a solid sphere of 0.2 m diameter, heat is generated at the rate of 1.2 x 106 W/m3. The center temperature is 300°C. Conductivity is 50 W/m-K. What is the surface temperature?arrow_forward6. a. The heat flux applied to the walls of the biomass combustion furnace is 20 W/m2. The furnace walls have a thickness of 10 mm and a thermal conductivity of 12 W/m.K. If the wall surface temperature is measured to be 50oC on the left and 30oC on the right, prove that conduction heat transfer occurs at a steady state!b. Heating the iron cylinder on the bottom side is done by placing the iron on the hotplate. This iron has a length of 20 cm. The surface temperature of the hotplate is set at 300oC while the top side of the iron is in contact with the still outside air. To reach the desired hotplate temperature, it takes 5 minutes. Then it takes 15 minutes to measure the temperature of the upper side of the iron cylinder at 300oC. Show 3 proofs that heat transfer occurs transientlyarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are correct in the context of thermal conductivity? (Check all that apply.) Check All That Apply The thermal conductivity of gases is proportional to the square root of absolute temperature. The thermal conductivity of liquids is proportional to the square root of absolute temperature. The thermal conductivity of most liquids decreases with increasing temperature. The thermal conductivity of most liquids increases with increasing temperature.arrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning