Concept explainers
a)
Interpretation:The statement “in the modern periodic table, elements are arranged in the order of increasing
Concept introduction:In 1869, modern periodic table was first invented by Dmitri Mendeleev. In modern periodic table, different elements are present in rows and columns. Along the rows and columns, physical and chemical properties of elements change.
Element are those atoms that have same number of protons in their nucleus.Atomic mass is the mass of a single atom of that chemical element.
b)
Interpretation: The statement “elements in a period have similar chemical properties” should be corrected.
Concept introduction:In 1869, modern periodic table was first invented by Dmitri Mendeleev. In modern periodic table, different elements are present in rows and columns. Along the rows and columns, physical and chemical properties of elements change.
Element are those atoms that have same number of protons in their nucleus.Atomic mass is the mass of a single atom of that chemical element.
c)
Interpretation: The statement “elements can be classified as metalloids or non-metals” should be corrected.
Concept introduction:In 1869, modern periodic table was first invented by Dmitri Mendeleev. In modern periodic table, different elements are present in rows and columns. Along the rows and columns, physical and chemical properties of elements change.
Element are those atoms that have same number of protons in their nucleus.Atomic mass is the mass of a single atom of that chemical element.
Non-metals are the elements that don’t have any characteristics of metals like conductivity, luster, and flexibility. Metalloids are the elements whose characteristics are in between metals and non-metals.
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Principles of General Chemistry
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- Which of the following chemical formulas are NOT written correctly? (a) F3P (b)NH4+ (c) Fe(NO3)2 (d) H2S (e) All of these are written correctlyarrow_forwardGive the group name for each of the following elements:(a) krypton(b) selenium(c) barium(d) lithiumarrow_forwardAnswer true or false. (a) Mendeleyev discovered that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weight, certain sets of properties recur periodically.(b) Main-group elements are those in the columns 3A to 8A of the Periodic Table.(c) Nonmet.als are found at the top of the Periodic Table, metalloids in the middle, and metals at the bottom.(d) Among the US known elements,there are approximately equal numbers of metals and non metals.(e) A horizontal row in the Periodic Table is called a group.(f) The Group LA elements are called the "alkali metals"(g) The alkali metals react with water to give hydrogen gas and a metalhydroxide, MOH, where "M' is the metal."(h) The halogens are Group 7A elements.(i) The boiling points of noble gases (Group SA elements) increase goingfrom top to bottom of the column.arrow_forward
- Which statement about protons is true?(a) Protons have twice the mass of neutrons.(b) Protons have the same magnitude of charge as electronsbut are opposite in sign.(c) Most atoms have more protons than electrons.(d) Protons have a charge of 1-.arrow_forwardtrue or false (h) All atoms of the same element have the same number of electrons. (b) All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons. (m) The three isotopes of hydrogen (hydrogen1, hydrogen2, and hydrogen3) differ only in the number of neutrons in the nucleus. (a) Matter is divided into elements and pure substances. (b) Matter is anything that has mass and volume (occupies space). (c) A mixture is composed of two or more pure substances. (l) The combining ratio of 1:2 in the compound CO2 tells you that this compound is formed by the combination of one gram of carbon with two grams of oxygen.arrow_forwardA fictitious element is composed of isotopes A and B with masses of 61.9887and 64.9846 amu, respectively. The atomic mass of the element is 64.52. Whatcan you conclude about the natural abundances of the two isotopes?(a) The natural abundance of isotope A must be greater than the naturalabundance of isotope B.(b) The natural abundance of isotope B must be greater than the naturalabundance of isotope A.(c) The natural abundances of both isotopes must be about equal.(d) Nothing can be concluded about the natural abundances of the twoisotopes from the given information.arrow_forward
- An element has nine protons and 10 neutrons in the neutral atom. (a) How many electrons are present in the neutral atom? (b) What is the atomic number of this element? (c) Identify the element.arrow_forward(d) the ion with 74 electrons, 116 neutrons, and a +3 chargearrow_forwardDetermine whether each of the following statements is trueor false. If false, correct the statement to make it true: (a) Thenucleus has most of the mass and comprises most of the volumeof an atom. (b) Every atom of a given element has thesame number of protons. (c) The number of electrons in anatom equals the number of neutrons in the atom. (d) Theprotons in the nucleus of the helium atom are held togetherby a force called the strong nuclear forcearrow_forward
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