Principles of General Chemistry
Principles of General Chemistry
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780073402697
Author: SILBERBERG, Martin S.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill College
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.76P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Formula and molecular mass of ammonium sulfate should be determined.

Concept introduction:In the molecular formula, the exact number and type of constituent atoms are shown. Type of constituent atoms is represented by their atomic symbols and number of each constituent atom is represented in the right subscript of its atomic symbol.In a hypothetical molecule AxBy , x number of A atom and y number of B atom combines to form the compound.

Formula to calculate molecular mass of AxBy is as follows:

  MolecularmassofAxBy=((x)( AtomicmassofA)+(y)( AtomicmassofB))

a)

Expert Solution
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Explanation of Solution

In ammonium sulfate, one sulfate ion (SO42-) .and two ammonium ion (NH4+) is attached by electrostatic attraction to maintain electrical neutrality. So the formula of ammonium sulfate is ( NH4)2(SO4) .

Molecular mass of ( NH4)2(SO4) is calculated as follows:

  Molecularmassof( NH 4)2( SO4)=( ( 2 )( AtomicmassofN )+ ( 8 )( AtomicmassofH )+ ( 1 )( AtomicmassofS )+ ( 4 )( AtomicmassofO ))=[( 2)( 14.01 amu)+( 8)( 1.008 amu)+( 1)( 32.06 amu)+( 4)( 16 amu)]=28.02 amu+8.064 amu+32.06 amu+64 amu=132.14 amu

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Formula and molecular mass of sodium dihydrogen phosphate should be determined.

Concept introduction:In the molecular formula, the exact number and type of constituent atoms are shown. Type of constituent atoms is represented by their atomic symbols and number of each constituent atom is represented in the right subscript of its atomic symbol.In a hypothetical molecule AxBy , x number of A atom and y number of B atom combines to form the compound.

Formula to calculate molecular mass of AxBy is as follows:

  MolecularmassofAxBy=((x)( AtomicmassofA)+(y)( AtomicmassofB))

b)

Expert Solution
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Explanation of Solution

In sodium dihydrogen phosphate, one dihydrogen phosphate ion (H2PO4) .and one sodium ion (Na+) is attached by electrostatic attraction to maintain electrical neutrality. So the formula of sodiumdihydrogen phosphateis NaH2PO4 .

Molecular mass of NaH2PO4 is calculated as follows:

  MolecularmassofNaH2PO4=( ( 1 )( AtomicmassofNa ) +( 2 )( AtomicmassofH )+ ( 1 )( AtomicmassofP ) +( 4 )( AtomicmassofO ))=[( 1)( 22.99 amu)+( 2)( 1.008 amu)+( 1)( 30.97 amu)+( 4)( 16 amu)]=22.99 amu+2.016 amu+30.97 amu+64 amu=119.98 amu

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Formula and molecular mass of potassium bicarbonate should be determined.

Concept introduction:In the molecular formula, the exact number and type of constituent atoms are shown. Type of constituent atoms is represented by their atomic symbols and number of each constituent atom is represented in the right subscript of its atomic symbol.In a hypothetical molecule AxBy , x number of A atom and y number of B atom combines to form the compound.

Formula to calculate molecular mass of AxBy is as follows:

  MolecularmassofAxBy=((x)( AtomicmassofA)+(y)( AtomicmassofB))

c)

Expert Solution
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Explanation of Solution

In potassium bicarbonate,one bicarbonate (HCO3) and one potassium ion (K+) is attached by electrostatic attraction to maintain electrical neutrality. So the formula of potassium carbonateis KHCO3 .

Molecular mass of KHCO3 is calculated as follows:

  MolecularmassofKHCO3=( ( 1 )( AtomicmassofK )+ ( 1 )( AtomicmassofH )+ ( 1 )( AtomicmassofC )+ ( 3 )( AtomicmassofO ))=[( 1)( 39.10 amu)+( 1)( 1.008 amu)+( 1)( 12.01 amu)+( 3)( 16 amu)]=39.10 amu+1.008 amu+12.01 amu+48 amu=100.12 amu

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Chapter 2 Solutions

Principles of General Chemistry

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