Synthesis of the given compound Darvon, starting with ethyl phenyl ketone is to be outlined. Concept introduction: Grignard reagent reactions with carbonyl groups are treated as acid–base reactions. The reaction of Grignard reagents with carbonyl groups yields secondary and tertiary alcohols. These reactions are two-step reactions. In the first step, nucleophilic addition of carbonyl group takes place because Grignard reagent, being nucleophilic, uses its lone pair of electrons to form a bond with a carbon atom. This results in the formation of an alkoxide ion which remains associated with M g 2 + and X − . In the second step, addition of aqueous HX causes the protonation of the alkoxide ion, which leads to the formation of the alcohol and M g X 2 . Mannich reaction: Carbonyl groups capable of forming enol react with primary or secondary amine and formaldehyde to form a β -amino carbonyl compounds known as Mannich base. Alcohols react with acetic anhydride to form esters via nucleophilic substitution reaction.

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 19, Problem 50P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of the given compound Darvon, starting with ethyl phenyl ketone is to be outlined.

Concept introduction:

Grignard reagent reactions with carbonyl groups are treated as acid–base reactions.

The reaction of Grignard reagents with carbonyl groups yields secondary and tertiary alcohols. These reactions are two-step reactions. In the first step, nucleophilic addition of carbonyl group takes place because Grignard reagent, being nucleophilic, uses its lone pair of electrons to form a bond with a carbon atom. This results in the formation of an alkoxide ion which remains associated with Mg2+ and X−.

In the second step, addition of aqueous HX causes the protonation of the alkoxide ion, which leads to the formation of the alcohol and MgX2.

Mannich reaction: Carbonyl groups capable of forming enol react with primary or secondary amine and formaldehyde to form a β-amino carbonyl compounds known as Mannich base.

Alcohols react with acetic anhydride to form esters via nucleophilic substitution reaction.

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Part II. xiao isolated a compound TAD (Ca H 10 N₂) from tobacco and obtained its IR spectrum. Xiao proposed a chemical structure shown below: % Transmittance 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 Wavenumber (cm-1) 1500 1000 (a) Explain why her proposed structure is inconsistent with the IR spectrum obtained (b) TAD exists as a tautomer of the structure xiao proposed. Draw the structure and explain why it is more compatible with the obtained spectrum. (C) what is the possible source for the fairly intense signal at 1621cm1

AE>AE₁ (Y/N) AE=AE₁ (Y/N) AE

Treatment of 2-phenylpropan-2-amine with methyl 2,4-dibromobutanoate in the presence of a nonnucleophilic base, R3N, involves two successive SN2 reactions and gives compound A. ? NH2 Br Br Propose a structural formula for compound A. You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. You do not have to consider stereochemistry. In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one. R3N C14H19NO2 + 2 R3NH*Br A

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 19, Problem 50P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of the given compound Darvon, starting with ethyl phenyl ketone is to be outlined.

Concept introduction:

Grignard reagent reactions with carbonyl groups are treated as acid–base reactions.

The reaction of Grignard reagents with carbonyl groups yields secondary and tertiary alcohols. These reactions are two-step reactions. In the first step, nucleophilic addition of carbonyl group takes place because Grignard reagent, being nucleophilic, uses its lone pair of electrons to form a bond with a carbon atom. This results in the formation of an alkoxide ion which remains associated with Mg2+ and X−.

In the second step, addition of aqueous HX causes the protonation of the alkoxide ion, which leads to the formation of the alcohol and MgX2.

Mannich reaction: Carbonyl groups capable of forming enol react with primary or secondary amine and formaldehyde to form a β-amino carbonyl compounds known as Mannich base.

Alcohols react with acetic anhydride to form esters via nucleophilic substitution reaction.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 19, Problem 50P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of the given compound Darvon, starting with ethyl phenyl ketone is to be outlined.

Concept introduction:

Grignard reagent reactions with carbonyl groups are treated as acid–base reactions.

The reaction of Grignard reagents with carbonyl groups yields secondary and tertiary alcohols. These reactions are two-step reactions. In the first step, nucleophilic addition of carbonyl group takes place because Grignard reagent, being nucleophilic, uses its lone pair of electrons to form a bond with a carbon atom. This results in the formation of an alkoxide ion which remains associated with Mg2+ and X−.

In the second step, addition of aqueous HX causes the protonation of the alkoxide ion, which leads to the formation of the alcohol and MgX2.

Mannich reaction: Carbonyl groups capable of forming enol react with primary or secondary amine and formaldehyde to form a β-amino carbonyl compounds known as Mannich base.

Alcohols react with acetic anhydride to form esters via nucleophilic substitution reaction.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 19, Problem 50P

Interpretation Introduction