Practice ProblemBUILD
In each of the following reactions, there is one species for which the standard entropy is not listed in Appendix 2. In each case, using the values that are in Appendix 2 and the that is given, determine the value of the missing standard entropy at 25
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- Chemists and engineers who design nuclear power plants have to worry about high-temperature reactions because it is possible for water to decompose. (a) Under what conditions does this reaction occur spontaneously? 2H2O(g) 2H2(g) + O2(g) (b) Under conditions where the decomposition of water is spontaneous, do nuclear engineers have to worry about an oxygen/hydrogen explosion? Justify your answer.arrow_forwardCalculate the standard Gibbs free-energy change when SO3 forms from SO2 and O2 at 298 K. Why is sulfur trioxide an important substance to study? (Hint: What happens when it combines with water?)arrow_forwardWhich substance has the higher entropy?(a) dry ice (solid CO2) at −78 °C or CO2(g) at 0 °C(b) liquid water at 25 °C or liquid water at 50 °C(c) pure alumina, Al2O3(s), or ruby (ruby is Al2O3in which some Al3+ions in the crystalline lattice are replaced with Cr3+ions)(d) one mole of N2(g) at 1 bar pressure or one mole of N2(g) at 10 bar pressure (both at 298 K)arrow_forward
- Calculate ΔS° (in J/K) at 25°C for the following reactions, using standard entropy values. (a) Pb(s) + 1/2 O2(g) → PbO(s) J/K(b) CS2(g) + 4 H2(g) → CH4(g) + 2 H2S(g) J/K(c) C2H4(g) + 3 O2(g) → 2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) J/K(d) Ca(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2(g) J/Karrow_forwardFor which of the following reactions, if any, if ΔS ° positive?arrow_forwardFor each of the following processes, indicate whether thesigns of ΔS and ΔH are expected to be positive, negative,or about zero. (a) A solid sublimes. (b) The temperature ofa sample of Co(s) is lowered from 60 °C to 25 °C. (c) Ethylalcohol evaporates from a beaker. (d) A diatomic moleculedissociates into atoms. (e) A piece of charcoal is combustedto form CO2(g) and H2O(g).arrow_forward
- Do not give handwriting solution. Calculate the entropy change, ΔS, for the following processes. If needed, Cp(O2)= 29.4 J mol-1 K-1 and Cp(CO2) = 37.1 J mol-1 K-1.(a) The pressure of one mole of O2(g) is increased from P to 2P at 298 K.(b) The temperature of one mole of CO2(g) is increased from 298 K to 355 K at aconstant volume of 20.0 L.arrow_forwardPredict the sign of the entropy change for the following processes. Indicate the reason for each of your predictions.(a) One mole liquid water at room temperature ⟶ one mole liquid water at 50 °C(b) Ag+(aq) + Cl−(aq) ⟶ AgCl(s)(c) C6 H6(l) + (15)/(2) O2(g) ⟶ 6CO2(g) + 3H2 O(l)(d) NH3(s) ⟶ NH3(l)arrow_forwardAssume that the following reaction occurs at constantpressure:2 Al(s) + 3 Cl2(g)------> 2 AlCl3(s)(a) If you are given ΔH for the reaction, what additionalinformation do you need to determine ΔE for the process?(b) Which quantity is larger for this reaction? (c) Explainyour answer to part (b).arrow_forward
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- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning