Consider a buffer solution that contains equal concentrations of H 2 P O 4 − and H P O 4 2 − . Will the pH increase, decrease, or remain the same when each of the following substances is added? (a) N a 2 H P O 4 (b) HBr (c) KOH (d) Kl (e) H 3 P O 4 (f) N a 3 P O 4
Consider a buffer solution that contains equal concentrations of H 2 P O 4 − and H P O 4 2 − . Will the pH increase, decrease, or remain the same when each of the following substances is added? (a) N a 2 H P O 4 (b) HBr (c) KOH (d) Kl (e) H 3 P O 4 (f) N a 3 P O 4
Solution Summary: The author explains that buffer solution resists a change in pH when small amount of acid or alkali is added.
Consider a buffer solution that contains equal concentrations of
H
2
P
O
4
−
and
H
P
O
4
2
−
. Will the pH increase, decrease, or remain the same when each of the following substances is added? (a)
N
a
2
H
P
O
4
(b) HBr (c) KOH (d) Kl (e)
H
3
P
O
4
(f)
N
a
3
P
O
4
Kumada Coupling:
1. m-Diisobutylbenzene below could hypothetically be synthesized by Friedel-Crafts reaction. Write out the reaction with a
mechanism and give two reasons why you would NOT get the desired product.
Draw the reaction (NOT a mechanism) for a Kumada coupling to produce the molecule above from m-dichlorobenzene.
Calculate the theoretical yield for the reaction in question 2 using 1.5 g of p-dichlorobenzene and 3.0 mL isobutyl bromide.
What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What
other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?
Wintergreen from Aspirin:
1. In isolating the salicylic acid, why is it important to press out as much of the water as possible?
2. Write the mechanism of the esterification reaction you did.
3.
What characteristic absorption band changes would you expect in the IR spectrum on going from aspirin to salicyclic acid and
then to methyl salicylate as you did in the experiment today? Give approximate wavenumbers associated with each functional
group change.
What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What
other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?
Synthesis of ZybanⓇ:
1. Write a mechanism for the bromination of m-chloropropiophenone.
Br₂
CH2Cl2
Cl
Br
2. Give the expected m/z (to a round number) for the molecular ion from the product above (including isotopic peaks).
3. What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What
other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?
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