(a) Interpretation: To determine the reagents used in the given reaction. Concept Introduction: Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 53P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

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4) Complete the following reaction by filling in the necessary reagents. OH 1) 2) OH OH

Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) a) Given 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100% yield? b) A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.25 g of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? c) The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol?

Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l). The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0% yield. How many grams would be produced from 8.50 gof butanoic acid and excess ethanol? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures.

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 53P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 53P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 53P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

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Answer 5

Chapter 16, Problem 53P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Answer 6

Chapter 16, Problem 53P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Answer 7

Chapter 16, Problem 53P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 16.2 - Problem 17-1 Wrtie the IUPAC name for each...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 16.2QC Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 16.3QC Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16.4QC Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16.5QC Ch. 16.4 - Problem 17-6 Show the reaction of benzaldehyde...Ch. 16.4 - Problem 17-7 Identify all hemiacetals and acetals...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 16.8QC Ch. 16 - 17-9 Answer true or false. (a) The one aldehyde...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2P

(a) Interpretation: To determine the reagents used in the given reaction. Concept Introduction: Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Solution Summary: The author explains that aldehydes and ketones are reduced to primary and secondary alcohols. The most commonly used reagent is sodium borohydride.

Concept explainers

Videos

(a)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

(b)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

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Chapter 16 Solutions

(a) Interpretation: To determine the reagents used in the given reaction. Concept Introduction: Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

Solution Summary: The author explains that aldehydes and ketones are reduced to primary and secondary alcohols. The most commonly used reagent is sodium borohydride.

Concept explainers

Videos

(a) Interpretation: To determine the reagents used in the given reaction. Concept Introduction: Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

(b) Interpretation: To determine the reagents used in the given reaction. Concept Introduction: Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

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Chapter 16 Solutions

(a)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.

(b)

Interpretation:

To determine the reagents used in the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols and ketones are reduced in secondary alcohols.