3.5Complete the following sentences to make correct scientific meaning.3.5.1 The entropy of a perfect gas.3.5.2when it expands isothermally.The change in entropy of a substance accompanying a change of state at its transition3.5.3temperature is calculated from itsof transition.The increase in entropy when a substance is heated is calculated from its

3.5.1 The entropy of a perfect gas increases when it expands isothermally. 3.5.2 The change in…

Answered: 3.5 Complete the following sentences to…

Chemistry for Engineering Students

4th Edition

ISBN:9781337398909

Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Publisher:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Chapter10: Entropy And The Second Law Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10.69PAE: 10.69 If a sample of air were separated into nitrogen and oxygen molecules (ignoring other gases...

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10.69 If a sample of air were separated into nitrogen and oxygen molecules (ignoring other gases present), what would be the sign of for this process? Explain your answer. The next four questions relate to the following paragraph [Frank L. Lambert, Journal of Chemical Education, 76(10), 1999, 1385]. "The movement of macro objects from one location to another by an external agent involves no change in the objects' physical (thermodynamic) entropy. The agent of movement undergoes a thermodynamic entropy increase in the process."
What is entropy? Why is entropy important?
How does the second law of thermodynamics explain a spontaneous change in a system that becomes more ordered when that process is exothermic?
For one day, keep a log of all the activities you undertake that consume Gibbs free energy. Distinguish betweenGibbs free energy provided by nutrient metabolism andthat provided by other energy resources.
Human DNA contains almost twice as much information as is needed to code for all the substances produced in the body. Likewise, the digital data sent from Voyager II contained one redundant bit out of every two bits of information. The Hubble space telescope transmits three redundant bits for every bit of information. How is entropy related to the transmission of information? What do you think is accomplished by having so many redundant bits of information in both DNA and the space probes?
The reaction CO2(g)+H2(g)CO(g)+H2O(g) is not spontaneous at room temperature but becomes spontaneous at a much higher temperature. What can you conclude from this about the signs of H and S , assuming that the enthalpy and entropy changes are not greatly affected by the temperature change? Explain your reasoning.
10.104 (a) When a chemical bond forms, what happens to the entropy of the system? (b) Thermodynamically, what allows any bond formation to occur? (c) What do your answers to parts (a) and (b) suggest must be true about the formation of chemical bonds for the octet rule to hold?
Given the following information at 25C, calculate G at 25C for the reaction 2A(g)+B(g)3C(g) Substance Hf(kJ/mol) S(J/molK) A(g) 191 244 B(g) 70.8 300 C(g) 197 164 a 956 kJ b 956 kJ c 346 kJ d 346 kJ e 1.03 103 kJ
Which contains greater entropy, a quantity of frozen benzene or the same quantity of liquid benzene at the same temperature? Explain in terms of the dispersal of energy in the substance.
There is another free energy state function, the Helmholtz free energy (A), defined as A = E — TS. Comparing this to the definition of G, we see that internal energy has replaced enthalpy in the definition. Under what conditions would this free energy tell us whether or not a process is spontaneous?
Calculate the entropy change for the vaporization of liquid methane and liquid hexane using the following data. Boilling point (1atm) Hvap Methane 112K 8.20 KJ/mol Hexane 342K 28.9 KJ/mol Compare the molar volume of gaseous methane at 112 K with that of gaseous hexane at 342 K. How do the differences in molar volume affect the values of Svap for these liquids?
Under what conditions is the entropy of a substance equal to zero?

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