What is the pH of a solution made by adding 10-2 M sodium benzoate (C6H5COONa) to pure water, taking into account nonideal solute behavior? Benzoate is the conjugate base of benzoic acid (Ka = 6.25×10-5), a common preservative added to food and beverages.

What is the pH of a solution made by adding 10-2 M sodium benzoate (C6H5COONa) to pure water, taking into account nonideal solute behavior? Benzoate is the conjugate base of benzoic acid (Ka = 6.25×10-5), a common preservative added to food and beverages.

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079373

Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Publisher:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Chapter13: Acids And Bases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 107QAP: What is the freezing point of vinegar, which is an aqueous solution of 5.00% acetic acid, HC2H3O2,...

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Using the diagrams shown in Problem 10-117, which of the solutions would have the greatest buffer capacity, that is, greatest protection against pH change, when the following occurs? a. A strong acid is added to the solution. b. A strong base is added to the solution.
The pH of a 0.10-M solution of propanoic acid, CH3CH2COOH, a weak organic acid, is measured at equilibrium and found to be 2.93 at 25 °C. Calculate the Ka of propanoic acid.
Estimate the pH that results when the following two solutions are mixed. a) 50 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 50 mL of 0.4 M KOH b) 100 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 50 mL of 0.4 M NaOH c) 150 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 100 mL of 0.3 M Ba(OH)2 d) 200 mL of 0.3 M CH3COOH and 100 mL of 0.3 M Ba(OH)2
Lactic acid, C3H6O3, occurs in sour milk as a result of the metabolism of certain bacteria. Calculate the pH of a solution of 56. mg lactic acid in 250. mL water. Ka for D-lactic acid is 1.5 × 10−4.
Which of the diagrams in Problem 10-135 represents the substance that is the weakest electrolyte?
For conjugate acidbase pairs, how are Ka and Kb related? Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water CH3CO2H(aq)+H2O(l)CH3CO2(aq)+H3O+(aq) where Ka = 1.8 105 a. Which two bases are competing for the proton? b. Which is the stronger base? c. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid. To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1 106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH. RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. (Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)
Two strategies are also followed when solving for the pH of a base in water. What is the strategy for calculating the pH of a strong base in water? List the strong bases mentioned in the text that should be committed to memory. Why is calculating the pH of Ca(OH)2 solutions a little more difficult than calculating the pH of NaOH solutions? Most bases are weak bases. The presence of what element most commonly results in basic properties for an organic compound? What is present on this element in compounds that allows it to accept a proton? Table 13-3 and Appendix 5 of the text list Kb values for some weak bases. What strategy is used to solve for the pH of a weak base in water? What assumptions are made when solving for the pH of weak base solutions? If the 5% rule fails, how do you calculate the pH of a weak base in water?
Write chemical equations showing the individual proton-transfer steps that occur in aqueous solution for each of the following acids. a. H2C2O4 (oxalic acid) b. H2C4H4O6 (tartaric acid)
What is the pH (to two decimal places) of pure water at 50 °C? pKw(50 °C) = 12.281
Consider the following data on some weak acids and weak bases: acid base Ка K, name formula name formula -4 6.8 x 10 ethylamine C,H,NH, 6.4× 10 -4 hydrofluoric acid HF HCH,CO2 1.8 ×x 10 CH;N |1.7× 10 -5 acetic acid pyridine 1.7 x 10 Use this data to rank the following solutions in order of increasing pH. In other words, select a 'l' next to the solution that will have the lowest pH, a '2' next to the solution that will have the next lowest pH, and so on. solution pH 0.1 М KI choose one 0.1 M NaF choose one 0.1 М C2HsNHзBr choose one 0.1 M C5H5NHCI choose one
The active ingredient in aspirin is acetylsalicylic acid 1HC9H7O42, a monoprotic acid with Ka = 3.3 * 10-4 at 25 °C. What is the pH of a solution obtained by dissolving two extra-strength aspirin tablets, containing 500 mg of acetylsalicylic acid each, in 250 mL of water?
A chemist prepared aqueous solutions of two weak acids: solution A is hydrazoic acid (HN3), and solution B is propanoic acid (HC2H5CO2). At 25°C, the acid-dissociation constant (Ka) for hydrazoic acid is 2.5x 10-5 and the base-dissociation constant (Kb) for the propanoate ion (C2H5CO2) is 7.8 x 10-10, Determine the following. (a) the Ka value for propanoic acid (HC2H5CO₂) (b) the Kы value for the azide ion (N3) (c) the stronger acid between hydrazoic acid and propanoic acid hydrazoic acid propanoic acid (d) the stronger base between the azide ion and the propanoate ion azide ion Tutorial propanoate ion