Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 14RQ
What processing step enhances the stability of pre-tRNAs and pre-rRNAs?
- methylation
nucleotide modification- cleavage
- splicing
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Explain why mature mRNA transcripts is a different size that pre-mRNA transcripts. Be sure to include the name of the protein-ribonucleotide complex that’s involved.
Transcription
Translation stop site
start site
Intron 1
Promoter
Exon 1
Exon 2 Intron 2
Exon 3
| Transcription
stop site
What kind of mutation would you introduce to render the gene above such that it is expressed with a
normal functioning protein, but less protein produced overall compared to the non-mutated gene?
Explain in 1-2 sentences, including where the mutation would be located.
( please give answer in simple language and draw diagram where necessary)
Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 15 - Figure 15.11 A scientist splices a eukaryotic...Ch. 15 - Figure 15.13 Errors in splicing are implicated in...Ch. 15 - Figure 15.16 Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial...Ch. 15 - The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify...Ch. 15 - How many nucleotides are in 12 mRNA codons? 12 24...Ch. 15 - Which event contradicts the central dogma of...Ch. 15 - Which subunit of the E. coli polymerase confers...Ch. 15 - The -10 and -35 regions of prokaryotic promoters...Ch. 15 - Three different bacteria species have the...Ch. 15 - Which feature of promoters can be found in both...
Ch. 15 - What transcripts will be most affected by low...Ch. 15 - How do enhancers and promoters differ? Enhancers...Ch. 15 - Which pre-mRNA processing step is important for...Ch. 15 - What processing step enhances the stability of...Ch. 15 - A scientist identifies a pre-mRNA with the...Ch. 15 - The RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in...Ch. 15 - In any given species, there are at least how many...Ch. 15 - A scientist introduces a mutation that makes the...Ch. 15 - Imagine if there were 200 commonly occurring amino...Ch. 15 - Discuss how degeneracy of the genetic code makes...Ch. 15 - A scientist sequencing itiRNA identifies the...Ch. 15 - If mRNA is complementary to the DNA template...Ch. 15 - In your own words, describe the difference between...Ch. 15 - A fragment of bacterial DNA reads: 3’...Ch. 15 - A scientist observes that a cell has an RNA...Ch. 15 - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients often harbor...Ch. 15 - Transcribe and translate the following DNA...Ch. 15 - Explain how single nucleotide changes can have...Ch. 15 - A normal mRNA that reads 5’ -...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Give only typing answer with explanation and conclusionarrow_forwardWhat is the purpose of histone tail modification?arrow_forwardINSTRUCTION: = IF BOTH STATEMENT ARE TRUE = IF FIRST STATEMENT IS TRUE WHILE SECOND STATEMENT IS FALSE = IF FIRST STATEMENT IS FALSE WHILE SECOND STATEMENT IS TRUE = IF BOTH STATEMENTS ARE FALSE STAMENT 1: RNA splicing is the step in post transcriptional processing where intervening sequences are removed STAMENT 2: 5’ to 3’ direction is the direction of growth of the peptide chain ANSWER: STAMENT 1: The enzyme that joins the gaps in newly synthesized DNA is called DNA polymerase STAMENT 2: The name of the compound formed when cytosine is bonded to ribose is cytidine ANSWER: STAMENT 1: Codon is a term that refers to the 3-nucleotide code for amino acids in mRNA STAMENT 2: Transition is a kind of mutation where a purine changes to another purine ANSWER:arrow_forward
- What relates to post-transcriptional modifications 0 0 Polyadenylation Phosphorylation Acetylation 5'-capping 3'-capping Methylation ADP-ribosylation Splicing Alternative splicingarrow_forwardDefine both transcription and translation. In addition, describe the role(s) of each of the following in the processes of gene expression and protein synthesis: DNA, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, ribosome(s), RNA polymerase, codon, anticodon, amino acid(s) and polypeptide(s). Be detailed in your answer.arrow_forwardHydrogen bonds are important in DNA replication and transcription. They are relatively weak chemical bonds. Why is this a desirable feature for DNA? Describe the effect (s) of changing (mutating) the promoter on the transcription of the DNA strand/gene the promoter controls. What happens to protein synthesis if a nonsense codon is inserted into the gene? Explain why a point mutation does not necessarily change the original amino acid sequence. (Explain silent mutations) Choose any pentapeptide composed of five different amino acids. List the amino acids. Present one messenger RNA codon for each amino acids and the sequence of nucleotides on the DNA that originally coded for your pentapeptide.arrow_forward
- Transcription is thus the final stage of gene expression involves interactions between three types of RNA molecules (mRNA templates, tRNAs, and rRNAs). Xeroderma Pigmentosum is a premature aging disease that begins in adolescence or early adulthood and results in the appearance of old age by 30-40 years of age. In the lagging strand, the enzyme X removes RNA primers attached by Primase and this gap is then filled in by DNA Polymerase I. The enzyme X is topoisomerase. The ribosomes of prokaryotes are usually found in the rough ER and cytoplasm. Write T if the statement is true and write F if the statement is falsearrow_forwardWhich of the following is false? Options: tRNAs are heavily processed but in a manner that is different than mRNAs mRNAs are protected from degradation by modifications at the 5' and 3' end rRNAs are all cleaved from a larger pre-rRNA precursor Group II splicing requires protein and RNA to excise intron sequences methylation of histone 3 at K4 results is mostly associated with activated transcriptionarrow_forward. Eukaryotic processing of hnRNA into mature mRNA includes all of the following steps except: ribosome attachment of methionine to the 5’-AUG-3’ codon 5’-addition of a 7-methylguanosine cap 3’-addition of a polyadenylated tail splicing together of exons excision of intronsarrow_forward
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