Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 21CTQ
A scientist sequencing itiRNA identifies the following strand:
CUAUGUGUCGUAACAGCCGAUGACCCG
What is the sequence of the amino acid chain this itiRNA makes when it is translated?
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The following bacterial DNA sequence uses the top strand as the coding strand and the bottom strand as the template strand. Write what the messenger RNA sequence for this gene would be after transcription occurs.
A scientist sequencing mRNA identifies the following strand: CUAUGUGUCGUAACAGCCGAUGACCCG
What is the sequence of the amino acid chain this mRNA makes when it is translated? The genetic code has been provided for you
below.
Second letter
U
C
A
G
UAU
UACJ
UAA Stop UGA Stop A
UAG Stop UGG Trp
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Phe
UUC J
UGU
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UCC
UGC,
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UUA LE
Ser
UCA
-Leu
UUG,
UCG
CAU
САС His
CAA
CAG Gln
CUU
CCU
CGU
CGC
Arg
CỤC
ССС
Leu
-Pro
CỦA
ССА
CGA
CUG
СCG
CGG
AAC FAS
AAGLYS
AUU
ACU
AAU
AGU
Asn
Ser
AUC ile
AUA
AUG Met| ACG
AGC
AGA Arg
AGG J
АСС
- Thr
АСА
AAA
GAU Asp
GACJ
Ala
GAA
GUU
GCU
GGU
U
GUC
Val
GUA
GGC
Gly
GGA
GCC
GCA
GAG Glu
GGG
GUG
GCG
First letter
Third letter
Given the DNA sequence below:
5’-ACATGTGTACAGGCTTTGTCTGAATGGCTT-3’
3’-TGTACACATGTCCGAAACAGACTTACCGAA-5’
Transcribe the gene. (Write the primary structure of the mRNA that will be produced.)
Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 15 - Figure 15.11 A scientist splices a eukaryotic...Ch. 15 - Figure 15.13 Errors in splicing are implicated in...Ch. 15 - Figure 15.16 Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial...Ch. 15 - The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify...Ch. 15 - How many nucleotides are in 12 mRNA codons? 12 24...Ch. 15 - Which event contradicts the central dogma of...Ch. 15 - Which subunit of the E. coli polymerase confers...Ch. 15 - The -10 and -35 regions of prokaryotic promoters...Ch. 15 - Three different bacteria species have the...Ch. 15 - Which feature of promoters can be found in both...
Ch. 15 - What transcripts will be most affected by low...Ch. 15 - How do enhancers and promoters differ? Enhancers...Ch. 15 - Which pre-mRNA processing step is important for...Ch. 15 - What processing step enhances the stability of...Ch. 15 - A scientist identifies a pre-mRNA with the...Ch. 15 - The RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in...Ch. 15 - In any given species, there are at least how many...Ch. 15 - A scientist introduces a mutation that makes the...Ch. 15 - Imagine if there were 200 commonly occurring amino...Ch. 15 - Discuss how degeneracy of the genetic code makes...Ch. 15 - A scientist sequencing itiRNA identifies the...Ch. 15 - If mRNA is complementary to the DNA template...Ch. 15 - In your own words, describe the difference between...Ch. 15 - A fragment of bacterial DNA reads: 3’...Ch. 15 - A scientist observes that a cell has an RNA...Ch. 15 - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients often harbor...Ch. 15 - Transcribe and translate the following DNA...Ch. 15 - Explain how single nucleotide changes can have...Ch. 15 - A normal mRNA that reads 5’ -...
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- The following fictitious double-stranded bacterial DNA sequence codes for a fictitious protein. Both strands are shown; the top strand reads 5' to 3' left to right, while the bottom strand reads 5' to 3' right to left. Transcription begins with and includes the red underlined A/T (top strand/bottom strand) base pair. This is a bacterial sequence, so there are no introns. 5'GTGTCCGTATGATATTGTGAGATGTTATATCCCGCCGTCAACACCATAAAACAGGATAATCGCCTGCTGGGGCAAAGGCGGTGAAGGTAAAGGTGTTGCC 3′ 3' CACAGGCATACTATAACACTCTACAATATAGGGCGGCAGTTGTGGTATTTTGTCCTAT TAGCGGACGACCCCGTTTCCGCCACTTCCATTTCCACAACGG 5′ a) Which strand is used as a template for transcription, the top or the bottom? b) What are the first 15 nucleotides of the resulting mRNA? Indicate the 5' and 3' ends. c) What is the translation of the first 15 nucleotides of the mRNA? d) Do the underlined nucleotides TAA encode a stop codon for the protein? Explain. e) A mutation occurs which results in the insertion of an extra G/C (top strand/bottom…arrow_forwardUse the genetic code table to determine the amino acid sequence of the given message strand of DNA below, from N to C terminal. All introns were removed in this sequence for simplicity. Write the amino acids in their 3-letter abbreviation and separate with a dash.arrow_forwardWhat is the sequence of the mRNA molecule synthesized from the DNA template strand 5'-TAACGGTACGAT-3'? Enter the mRNA sequence using the one-letter abbreviations for the nucleotides. 5'- UAACGGUACGAU What amino acid sequence is encoded by the mRNA molecule 5'-AACGGAUCACUAACCUAC-3'? Assume that the reading frame starts at the 5′ end. Use a codon table to determine the identity of the translated peptide. Enter the amino acid sequence using three-letter abbreviations for the amino acids separated by hyphens (-). N-terminus Asn-Gly-ser-Leu-Thr-Tyr What is the sequence of the polypeptide formed if poly(UUAC) is added to a cell-free, protein-synthesizing system? poly(His-Ser-Phe-Ile) Asn-Glu-stop poly(Leu) Val-Ser-Lys-stop poly(Tyr) -3' poly(Leu-Leu-Thr-Tyr) C-terminusarrow_forward
- Given the following DNA sequence of the template strand for a given gene: 5' TTTCCGTCTCAGGGCTGAAAATGTTTGCTCATCGAACGC3' Part A ) Write the mRNA that will be transcribed from the DNA sequence above (be sure to label the 5' and 3' ends). Part B ) Use the genetic code to write the peptide sequence translated in a cell from the mRNA in part A. Please use the 3 letter abbreviation for each amino acid. Part C: How would the peptide synthesized in a cell be different if the mRNA was translated in vitro (i.e. not in the cell)?arrow_forwardRefer to the double stranded DNA molecule with the sequence below to answer the following questions: 5’ATATGGGTCTCGATAGGGCTGTTTTCTCCGGC 3’ 3’TATACCCAGAGCTATCCCGACAAAAGAGGCCG 5’ Which strand functions as the transcription template, the top one or the bottom one? Explain your reasoning. What is the mRNA transcript and polypeptide from this strand? In the space below, copy the DNA strand that is transcribed, and write the mRNA transcript and polypeptide chain below it. Align the mRNA and polypeptide so that it is clear which DNA bases they came from. DNA strand: mRNA: amino acid sequence:arrow_forwardGiven the following DNA sequence of the template (i.e. noncoding) strand for a given gene: 5'ATTGGCTGTTAGAGCGGCCGTCTAAACATCGTTGGA3' Part A) Write the mRNA that will be transcribed from the DNA sequence above (be sure to label the 5' and 3' ends) Part B) Use the genetic code to write the peptide sequence translated in a cell from the mRNA synthesized in part A. Please use the 3 letter abbreviation for each amino acid.arrow_forward
- Which of the following DNA strands, the top or bottom, would serve as a template for RNA transcription if the DNA molecule were to unwind in the indicated direction? 5′ ACGGACTGTACCGCTGAAGTCATGGACGCTCGA 3′ 3′ TGCCTGACATGGCGACTTCAGTACCTGCGAGCT 5′ ⎯⎯⎯⎯→ Direction of DNA unwinding What would be the resulting RNA sequence (written 5′→3′ )?arrow_forwardThe template strand of a double helical segment of DNA consists of the following sequence: 5’-GTAGCCTTAAGCGATCACCGTCCGTATTACTAGTGGCCAGACTCTTTTCACTCTCATGTATAGTTG-3’ Following translation process, what is the amino acid sequence that will be coded for? (show your answer using THREE-letter amino acid code starting from N-terminus to C-terminus)arrow_forwardConsider the following DNA sequence, which codes for a short polypeptide: 5'-ATGGGCTTAGCGTAGGTTAGT-3' Determine the mRNA transcript of this sequence. You have to write these sequences from the 5' end to the 3' end and indicate those ends as shown in the original sequence in order to get the full mark. How many amino acids will make up this polypeptide? Determine the first four anticodons that will be used in order to translate this sequence.arrow_forward
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