Concept explainers
Equipotential curves Consider the following potential functions and graphs of their equipotential curves.
a. Find the associated gradient field F = ▿ϕ.
b. Show that the
c. Show that the vector field is orthogonal to the equipotential curve at all points (x, y).
d. Sketch two flow curves representing F that are everywhere orthogonal to the equipotential curves.
40. ϕ (x, y) = x2+ 2y2
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 14 Solutions
Calculus: Early Transcendentals (2nd Edition)
Additional Math Textbook Solutions
Precalculus Enhanced with Graphing Utilities (7th Edition)
Glencoe Math Accelerated, Student Edition
Single Variable Calculus: Early Transcendentals (2nd Edition) - Standalone book
Calculus & Its Applications (14th Edition)
- Fourier's Law of heat transfer (or heat conduction) states that the heat flow vector F at a point is proportional to the negative gradient of the temperature: that is, F= -kVT, which means that heat energy flows from hot regions to cold regions. The constant k is called the conductivity, which has metric units of J/m-s-K or W/m-K. A temperature function T for a region D is given below. Find the net outward heat flux SSF•nds= - kff triple integral. Assume that k = 1. T(x,y,z)=110e-x²-y²-2². D is the sphere of radius a centered at the origin. The net outward heat flux across the boundary is. (Type an exact answer, using as needed.) G S VT.n dS across the boundary S of D. It may be easier to use the Divergence Theorem and evaluate aarrow_forward7. Properties of position vectors Let r = xi + yj + zk and let r = |r|. a. Show that Vr = r/r. b. Show that V(r") = nr"-2r. c. Find a function whose gradient equals r.arrow_forwarda. Sketch the graph of r(t) = ti+t2j. Show that r(t) is a smooth vector-valued function but the change of parameter t = 73 produces a vector-valued function that is not smooth, yet has the same graph as r(t). b. Examine how the two vector-valued functions are traced, and see if you can explain what causes the problem.arrow_forward
- Represent the curve by a vector-valued function r(t) using the given parameter.arrow_forwardSketch the plane curve represented by the vector-valued function and give the orientation of the curve. r(t) = i + (t− 1)j eBook -10 -10 O -5 -5 y 10 5 -fol y 10 5 -105 5 5 10 X X 10 -10 -10 -5 -5 y 10 5 -fol y 10 5 -104 5 5 X 10 X 10arrow_forwardFourier's Law of heat transfer (or heat conduction) states that the heat flow vector F at a point is proportional to the negative gradient of the temperature: that is, F = -kVT, which means that heat energy flows from hot regions to cold regions. The constant k is called FondSk the conductivity, which has metric units of J/m-s-K or W/m-K. A temperature function T for a region D is given below. Find the net outward heat fluxarrow_forwardFourier's Law of heat transfer (or heat conduction) states that the heat flow vector F at a point is proportional to the negative gradient of the temperature; that is, F = -KVT, which means that heat energy flows from hot regions to cold regions. The constant k is called the conductivity, which has metric units SS S of J/m-s-K or W/m-K. A temperature function T for a region D is given below. Find the net outward heat flux boundary S of D. It may be easier to use the Divergence Theorem and evaluate a triple integral. Assume that k = 1. T(x,y,z) = 100 - 5x+ 5y +z; D = {(x,y,z): 0≤x≤5, 0≤y≤4, 0≤z≤ 1} The net outward heat flux across the boundary is (Type an exact answer, using as needed.) -KSS S F.ndS = -k VT n dS across thearrow_forwardpart c) and d) pleasearrow_forwardSolve Q aarrow_forwardAb. 56 Advanced matharrow_forwardFourier's Law of heat transfer (or heat conduction) states that the heat flow vector F at a point is proportional to the negative gradient of the temperature: that is, F = − kVT, which means that heat energy flows from hot regions to cold regions. The constant k is called the conductivity, which has metric units of J/m-s-K or W/m-K. A temperature function T for a region D is given below. Find the SSF FondSk -KSS VT n dS across the boundary S of D. It may be easier to use the Divergence Theorem and evaluate a triple integral. Assume that k = 1. S S T(x,y,z) = 65e¯x² - y² − z²; net outward heat flux D is the sphere of radius a centered at the origin.arrow_forwardStreamlines and equipotential lines Assume that on ℝ2, the vectorfield F = ⟨ƒ, g⟩ has a potential function φ such that ƒ = φxand g = φy, and it has a stream function ψ such that ƒ = ψy andg = -ψx. Show that the equipotential curves (level curves of φ)and the streamlines (level curves of ψ) are everywhere orthogonal.arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
- Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic GeometryAlgebraISBN:9781133382119Author:SwokowskiPublisher:CengageAlgebra and Trigonometry (MindTap Course List)AlgebraISBN:9781305071742Author:James Stewart, Lothar Redlin, Saleem WatsonPublisher:Cengage Learning