Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321948908
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 32P
Summary Introduction

To analyze:

For the lac operon partial diploids mentioned in the question, determine whether the synthesis of lac Z mRNA is constitutive, inducible, or uninducible, and indicate whether the partial diploid is Lac+ or Lac (capable or not to utilize lactose).

Introduction:

An operon is a stretch of DNA which consists of a cluster of functionally related genes. It contains an operator, promoter, and related genes. It is present only in prokaryotes. It was first characterized in E. coli. Operon can be inducible or repressible.

Inducible operon: In the presence of a substrate, transcription of structural gene occurs, and in

the absence of a substrate, operator region is occupied by the repressor. So, RNA polymerase is unable to bind at the promoter region, and transcription cannot be initiated. In inducible operon

transcription in inhibited in the absence of a substrate.

Repressible operon: In a repressible operon, the substrate acts as a co-repressor which facilitates the conformational change in the repressor of the operon, and transcription is inhibited in the absence of a co-repressor. The conformation of the original repressor does not allow it to bind the operator region of the operon. Thus, the operator region is free, and RNA polymerase can bind at the promoter region, and the transcription of genes can be initiated.

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The lac operon consists of three structural genes, lacZ, lacY and lacA that are transcribed as a single polycistronic mRNA. The new lac strain of Escherichia coli are as shown below: P+O+Z+Y+A+// P+O+Z+Y+A¯ (i) Illustrate how lactose induces the gene expression in lac 1 $// I-. (ii) Explain the function of the lacP and laco in the bacterial operon.
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Suppose you have six strains of E. coli. One is wildtype, and each of the other five has a single one of thefollowing mutations: lacZ−, lacY−, lacI−, oc, andlacIS. For each of these six strains, describe thephenotype you would observe using the following assays. [Notes: (1) IPTG is a colorless synthetic molecule that acts as an inducer of lac operon expressionbut cannot serve as a carbon source for bacterialgrowth because it cannot be cleaved byβ-galactosidase; (2) X-gal cannot serve as a carbonsource for growth; (3) E. coli requires active lactosepermease (the product of lacY) to allow lactose,X-gal, or IPTG into the cells.] Colony color in medium containing glycerol as theonly carbon source and X-gal, but no IPTG.d. Colony color in medium containing high levels ofglucose as the only carbon source, X-gal, andIPTG.e. Colony color in medium containing high levels ofglucose as the only carbon source and X-gal, butno IPTG

Chapter 14 Solutions

Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)

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