Chapter 12.11, Problem 2QQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To identify the final product in the two-step process of the elimination of superoxide ion from cells.

Concept introduction: The human body inhale ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ through respiration. $90\%$ of ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ consumed is utilized by the electron transport chain and phosphorylation process. Some part of the remaining ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ is converted into the reactive oxygen species (ROS).

The reactive oxygen species (ROS) present in the human body are hydrogen peroxide $\left({\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\right)$, superoxide ion $\left({\text{O}}_2^{-}\right)$, and hydroxyl radical $\left(\text{OH}\right)$. Reactive oxygen species are important for the body but they have to be eliminated when they are not required.