
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: To determine the electron carrier FADH2 is associated with which of the protein complexes (I, II, III, and IV) of the ETC.
Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:
Complex I:
Complex II:
Complex III:
Complex IV:
An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:
(a)

Answer to Problem 12.92EP
FADH2 is associated with the complex II of the electron transport chain. Electrons from the citric acid cycle are transported to complex II through FADH2 molecule.
Explanation of Solution
Complex II consists of four subunits in its structure. This complex interacts initially with the electrons that are coming after the reduction of FADH2. FADH2 produced in the citric acid cycle transfers the electron to the complex II. The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer in complex II in the electron transfer chain is:
(b)
Interpretation: To determine that the electron carrier
Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:
Complex I:
Complex II:
Complex III:
Complex IV:
An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:
(b)

Answer to Problem 12.92EP
Explanation of Solution
Iron-sulfur protein
Complex I consists of more than 40 structural subunits. Its structure has B-vitamin-containing flavin mononucleotide
The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer in complex I in the electron transfer chain is as follows:
Complex II consists of four subunits in its structure. This complex interacts initially with the electrons that are coming after the reduction of FADH2. FADH2 produced in the citric acid cycle transfers the electron to the complex II. The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer in complex II in the electron transfer chain is:
Complex III consists of 11 structural subunits. Its structural subunits contain iron-sulfur proteins and various cytochromes.
(c)
Interpretation: To determine that the electron carrier
Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:
Complex I:
Complex II:
Complex III:
Complex IV:
An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:
(c)

Answer to Problem 12.92EP
Explanation of Solution
Electrons are transferred from the complex III to complex IV by
Complex IV contains 13 structural subunits. It has two cytochrome units that have copper along with iron. The copper also participates in the
(d)
Interpretation: To determine that the electron carrier
Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:
Complex I:
Complex II:
Complex III:
Complex IV:
An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:
(d)

Answer to Problem 12.92EP
Explanation of Solution
Complex III consists of 11 structural subunits. Its structural subunits contain iron-sulfur proteins and various cytochromes.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
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