To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex I when two electrons from an FADH 2 molecule are passed through the electron transport chain. Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and P i . The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain. FADH 2 is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.112EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex I when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex II when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex III when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex IV when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

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1. Answer the questions about the following reaction: (a) Draw in the arrows that can be used make this reaction occur and draw in the product of substitution in this reaction. Be sure to include any relevant stereochemistry in the product structure. + SK F Br + (b) In which solvent would this reaction proceed the fastest (Circle one) Methanol Acetone (c) Imagine that you are working for a chemical company and it was your job to perform a similar reaction to the one above, with the exception of the S atom in this reaction being replaced by an O atom. During the reaction, you observe the formation of three separate molecules instead of the single molecule obtained above. What is the likeliest other products that are formed? Draw them in the box provided.

3. For the reactions below, draw the arrows corresponding to the transformations and draw in the boxes the reactants or products as indicated. Note: Part A should have arrows drawn going from the reactants to the middle structure and the arrows on the middle structure that would yield the final structure. For part B, you will need to draw in the reactant before being able to draw the arrows corresponding to product formation. A. B. Rearrangement ΘΗ

2. Draw the arrows required to make the following reactions occur. Please ensure your arrows point from exactly where you want to exactly where you want. If it is unclear from where arrows start or where they end, only partial credit will be given. Note: You may need to draw in lone pairs before drawing the arrows. A. B. H-Br 人 C Θ CI H Cl Θ + Br O

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.112EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex I when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex II when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex III when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex IV when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.112EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex I when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex II when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex III when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex IV when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.112EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex I when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex II when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex III when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex IV when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 12, Problem 12.112EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex I when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex II when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex III when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex IV when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

Answer 6

Chapter 12, Problem 12.112EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex I when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

Answer 7

Chapter 12, Problem 12.112EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex I when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex II when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex II when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex III when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex III when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex IV when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex IV when two electrons from an FADH₂ molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH₂ is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 12.2 - Which of the following is not found within the...Ch. 12.2 - Which of the following is not an organelle? a....Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 12.2 - Which of the following statements about...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 12.3 - Which of the following statements concerning...Ch. 12.3 - Which of the following statements concerning...

Solution Summary: The author explains that oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP.

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