(a) Interpretation: The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250 ∘ C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined. Concept Introduction: A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase. A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other. Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as: Phase at% = opposite arm of lever total length of the tie line × 100 ......... (1)

Question

7) You are tasked with separating two proteins by ion exchange chromatography on a 30 cm long column with an inner diameter of 2 cm. The resin has a diameter of 100 μm and a void fraction of 0.3, and your mobile phase flows through the column at a rate of Q = 5 cm³/min. The Van Deemter coefficients A, B, and C have been determined to be 0.0228 cm, 0.0036 cm²/min, and 0.00053 min, respectively, for both proteins. Protein A elutes from the column with an average retention time of 27 min and standard deviation of 0.8 min. Protein B elutes from the column. with an average retention time of 33.8 min and standard deviation of 1.0. a) How many theoretical plates does the column contain? b) What flow rate (Q) will give you the maximum resolution? c) What is the minimum height of a theoretical plate for the system?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

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7) You are tasked with separating two proteins by ion exchange chromatography on a 30 cm long column with an inner diameter of 2 cm. The resin has a diameter of 100 μm and a void fraction of 0.3, and your mobile phase flows through the column at a rate of Q = 5 cm³/min. The Van Deemter coefficients A, B, and C have been determined to be 0.0228 cm, 0.0036 cm²/min, and 0.00053 min, respectively, for both proteins. Protein A elutes from the column with an average retention time of 27 min and standard deviation of 0.8 min. Protein B elutes from the column. with an average retention time of 33.8 min and standard deviation of 1.0. a) How many theoretical plates does the column contain? b) What flow rate (Q) will give you the maximum resolution? c) What is the minimum height of a theoretical plate for the system?

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 10.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The point representing 60 at% Bi at 250∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The point representing 30 at% Bi at 500∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The point representing 50 at% Bi at 600∘C is to be indicated on the Bi-Sb phase diagram along with the phases present and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A matter can exist in different physical forms such as sold, liquid, gas, and plasma. These distinct physical forms are known as a Phase.

A phase has uniform physical and chemical properties and is bounded by a surface due to which two phases can be mechanically separated from each other.

Amount of each phase in at% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the solid solution between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase at%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ......... (1)

Answer 12

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Answer 23

Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.1P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.2P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.3P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.4P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.5P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.6P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.7P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.8P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.9P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.10P

Chapter 10 Solutions